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How dependent is Belgium on Russia?

In 2024, Russia sold $2.5 billion to Belgium, 0.64% of its imports, ranking 24th among its suppliers. Its share was 2% in 2019 and 0.89% in 1995. In 3 products it sells more than 50% of what Belgium buys of them (in 1, more than 75%); what Belgium buys from Russia in those products (dominated value) adds up to $785 million, 0.2% of its imports.

Summary

Share of its imports
0.6%
Share of its imports from outside the EU
2%
Value imported
$2.5billion
Rank among its suppliers
24th
Products where it sells over 50%
3
Products where it sells over 75%
1
Dominated value
$785million
Share of total imports
0.2%

Trend

Trend in shares

Russia went from 0.89% to 0.64% of what Belgium buys

Share (%)

  • Russia 0.64%

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearValue (USD millions)ShareRank
19951,3470.89%14
19961,3590.85%14
19971,4600.89%14
19981,0560.61%21
19991,2670.75%19
20001,3480.73%20
20011,4290.77%21
20021,5140.74%18
20032,4751%12
20043,6301.3%12
20054,9031.5%13
20066,1101.7%12
20075,2911.3%12
20086,4601.4%12
20095,9461.7%11
20106,5232.2%10
20119,0372.5%8
20128,3372.5%8
20139,7612.8%7
201410,2563%7
20157,3252.6%8
20167,1072.4%10
20178,1762.5%9
20189,0862.5%9
20196,7672%12
20205,5941.8%12
20218,5872.1%12
202211,0512.4%10
20233,7260.85%21
20242,4830.64%24

Products where Russia sells more than half

ProductSupplierShareSecondValue
Semi-finished steelRussia73.5%Vietnam · 6.7%$643 million
Direct-reduced ironRussia81.8%over 75%Libya · 14.6%$74 million
Alloy steel ingots and semi-finished productsRussia65.8%Germany · 9.2%$68 million

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

Are there other suppliers in the world?

  • Russia sells 19.8% of what the world exports of semi-finished steel; next come Brazil (11.9%), China (10.7%) and Indonesia (7.8%). The rest of the world exported 36.2 times what Belgium buys from Russia.
  • Russia sells 18.5% of what the world exports of direct-reduced iron; next come Oman (16.7%), Trinidad and Tobago (13.4%) and United States (12.5%). The rest of the world exported 51.7 times what Belgium buys from Russia.
  • Russia sells 3.7% of what the world exports of alloy steel ingots and semi-finished products; next come Brazil (16.7%), Mexico (12.3%) and Italy (8%). The rest of the world exported 60.3 times what Belgium buys from Russia.

Exports from the rest of the world already have buyers; the figure shows scale, not availability.

Seen from Russia

Belgium is Russia’s 23rd-largest customer, with 0.66% of its exports.

Sources and method

Sources and licenses

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.