How dependent is Belgium on Germany?

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

• Germany sells 6.8% of what the world exports of platinum; next come South Africa (37.2%), Russia (8.7%) and United Kingdom (6.6%). The rest of the world exported 90.9 times what Belgium buys from Germany.
• Germany sells 16.2% of what the world exports of central heating boilers; next come Italy (12.9%), Slovakia (10.5%) and Turkey (9.1%). The rest of the world exported 42.4 times what Belgium buys from Germany.
• Germany sells 10.8% of what the world exports of hydrocarbon derivatives; next come Kuwait (36.6%), China (14.3%) and United States (6%). The rest of the world exported 15.5 times what Belgium buys from Germany.
• Germany sells 13.8% of what the world exports of photographic plates and flat film; next come Japan (28.3%), China (21.1%) and United States (7.4%). The rest of the world exported 34.6 times what Belgium buys from Germany.
• Germany sells 22.3% of what the world exports of copper plates and strip; next come China (13.2%), Japan (12.4%) and South Korea (7.5%). The rest of the world exported 97.4 times what Belgium buys from Germany.
• Germany sells 7.3% of what the world exports of pitch and pitch coke; next come China (34.6%), South Korea (6.9%) and Czechia (6.7%). The rest of the world exported 21.1 times what Belgium buys from Germany.
• Germany sells 4% of what the world exports of unwrought lead; next come India (10.5%), South Korea (9%) and Australia (8.9%). The rest of the world exported 129.6 times what Belgium buys from Germany.
• Germany sells 6.5% of what the world exports of copper matte; next come Canada (22.3%), Finland (20.2%) and Mexico (8.2%). The rest of the world exported 17 times what Belgium buys from Germany.
• Germany sells 14.5% of what the world exports of bones and horn-cores, unworked; next come United States (10.8%), Australia (6.4%) and Netherlands (5.9%). The rest of the world exported 7.1 times what Belgium buys from Germany.
• Germany sells 15.9% of what the world exports of nitric and sulfonitric acids; next come South Korea (31.1%), Poland (3.8%) and China (3.7%). The rest of the world exported 10.3 times what Belgium buys from Germany.

Exports from the rest of the world already have buyers; the figure shows scale, not availability.

Belgium is Germany’s 10th-largest customer, with 3.4% of its exports.

• Trade between Belgium and Germany
• Who does Belgium rely on?
• Who does Germany rely on?
• Dependence of Belgium on the Netherlands
• Dependence of Belgium on France
• Dependence of Belgium on Ireland
• Dependence of Belgium on Sweden
• Dependence of Belgium on the United States
• Dependence of Belgium on Russia
• Dependence of Belgium on China
• Trade profile of Belgium
• Trade profile of Germany
• All countries

Sources and licenses

• CEPII BACI · Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
• Natural Earth · Public domain

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.