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How much of Azerbaijan’s trade passes through the Turkish Straits?

In 2024, an estimated $25.8 billion of Azerbaijan’s trade passed through the Turkish Straits, 92.2% of its seaborne trade. That is $18.2 billion of exports and $7.6 billion of imports. The partners with the most trade through it are Italy, China and Germany.

Summary

Estimated value
$25.8billion
Of its seaborne trade
92.2%
Exports
$18.2billion
Imports
$7.6billion

Trend

Estimated value per year

Azerbaijan’s estimated trade through the Turkish Straits rose 34% between 2019 and 2024

Value in USD billions

  • Azerbaijan 25.8

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearEstimated valueOf its seaborne trade
1995$256 million93.8%
1996$597 million75.7%
1997$600 million73.7%
1998$617 million75.2%
1999$1.2 billion91.6%
2000$1.9 billion92.7%
2001$2.5 billion93.9%
2002$2.5 billion89.5%
2003$3.5 billion91.4%
2004$4.5 billion86.2%
2005$6.4 billion90.7%
2006$9.3 billion91.1%
2007$13.4 billion91.9%
2008$36.3 billion95.4%
2009$18.7 billion94.3%
2010$25 billion91.5%
2011$31.4 billion93%
2012$31.5 billion93.9%
2013$29.8 billion94.3%
2014$28.5 billion95.7%
2015$18 billion96.4%
2016$14.6 billion95.7%
2017$15.6 billion91.6%
2018$21.8 billion93.5%
2019$19.3 billion93.7%
2020$12.9 billion92.6%
2021$23.5 billion94.4%
2022$42.4 billion95.3%
2023$30.4 billion94.4%
2024$25.8 billion92.2%

Partners whose trade crosses it

Estimated value of its trade with each partner that crosses the chokepoint; the percentage is the share of all its trade through the chokepoint, not of the pair’s trade.

  1. Azerbaijan–Italy$8.9 billion · 34.5%
  2. Azerbaijan–China$3 billion · 11.7%
  3. Azerbaijan–Germany$1.5 billion · 5.6%
  4. Azerbaijan–Czechia$1.4 billion · 5.5%
  5. Azerbaijan–Greece$1.2 billion · 4.8%
  6. Azerbaijan–Croatia$986 million · 3.8%
  7. Azerbaijan–India$931 million · 3.6%
  8. Azerbaijan–Israel$819 million · 3.2%
  9. Azerbaijan–Portugal$717 million · 2.8%
  10. Azerbaijan–Belarus$418 million · 1.6%

What crosses it

The products with the highest estimated value in 2024, with their share of the total through the chokepoint.

  1. Crude petroleum$12.8 billion · 49.7%
  2. Natural gas and LPG$4.2 billion · 16.4%
  3. Cars$1.4 billion · 5.6%
  4. Refined petroleum$638 million · 2.5%
  5. Military weapons$322 million · 1.3%
  6. Seamless steel pipes$130 million · 0.5%
  7. Trucks$127 million · 0.49%
  8. Sawn wood$120 million · 0.46%
  9. Coated flat steel$97 million · 0.38%
  10. Tractors$96 million · 0.37%

Reference ports

Batumi (100%)

Each port with the weight it receives from the country’s trade, based on where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest.

Other chokepoints it uses

Sources and method

Sources and licenses

Methodology

We estimate the value crossing each chokepoint from BACI trade that travels by sea according to our mode heuristic, split between each country’s ports by where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest, and routed over our own sea network. It is an estimate, not a count of ships. It covers 99.9% of seaborne trade. The approach follows Verschuur, Lumma and Hall (Nature Communications, 2025). Data up to 2024.

The Bosporus and the Dardanelles are counted together: they are the two gates between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean.

All maritime chokepoints