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How much of Azerbaijan’s trade passes through the Strait of Gibraltar?

In 2024, an estimated $11.5 billion of Azerbaijan’s trade passed through the Strait of Gibraltar, 41.2% of its seaborne trade. That is $5.5 billion of exports and $6 billion of imports. The partners with the most trade through it are China, Germany and Czechia.

Summary

Estimated value
$11.5billion
Of its seaborne trade
41.2%
Exports
$5.5billion
Imports
$6billion

Trend

Estimated value per year

Azerbaijan’s estimated trade through the Strait of Gibraltar rose 131% between 2019 and 2024

Value in USD billions

  • Azerbaijan 11.5

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearEstimated valueOf its seaborne trade
1995$161 million58.9%
1996$286 million36.3%
1997$281 million34.5%
1998$328 million39.9%
1999$528 million40.8%
2000$668 million33.1%
2001$837 million31.9%
2002$885 million31.2%
2003$1.3 billion33.9%
2004$1.6 billion31.8%
2005$2.1 billion29.3%
2006$3.2 billion31.7%
2007$5.6 billion38.3%
2008$13.6 billion35.7%
2009$6 billion30.3%
2010$8.1 billion29.6%
2011$7.6 billion22.6%
2012$8.5 billion25.4%
2013$6.9 billion21.9%
2014$7.8 billion26.4%
2015$5.4 billion28.8%
2016$3.8 billion24.9%
2017$4.3 billion25.6%
2018$6.1 billion26.3%
2019$5 billion24.3%
2020$2.8 billion20.3%
2021$4.6 billion18.4%
2022$6.4 billion14.5%
2023$5.6 billion17.5%
2024$11.5 billion41.2%

Partners whose trade crosses it

Estimated value of its trade with each partner that crosses the chokepoint; the percentage is the share of all its trade through the chokepoint, not of the pair’s trade.

  1. Azerbaijan–China$2.6 billion · 22.3%
  2. Azerbaijan–Germany$1.5 billion · 12.6%
  3. Azerbaijan–Czechia$1.4 billion · 12.3%
  4. Azerbaijan–India$792 million · 6.9%
  5. Azerbaijan–Portugal$717 million · 6.2%
  6. Azerbaijan–Belarus$418 million · 3.6%
  7. Azerbaijan–United Kingdom$381 million · 3.3%
  8. Azerbaijan–United States$336 million · 2.9%
  9. Azerbaijan–Turkmenistan$324 million · 2.8%
  10. Azerbaijan–Nigeria$323 million · 2.8%

What crosses it

The products with the highest estimated value in 2024, with their share of the total through the chokepoint.

  1. Crude petroleum$4.7 billion · 40.7%
  2. Cars$1.2 billion · 10.8%
  3. Refined petroleum$389 million · 3.4%
  4. Military weapons$322 million · 2.8%
  5. Sawn wood$120 million · 1%
  6. Seamless steel pipes$105 million · 0.91%
  7. Trucks$100 million · 0.87%
  8. Tractors$87 million · 0.76%
  9. Coated flat steel$83 million · 0.72%
  10. Auto parts$82 million · 0.71%

Reference ports

Batumi (100%)

Each port with the weight it receives from the country’s trade, based on where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest.

Other chokepoints it uses

Sources and method

Sources and licenses

Methodology

We estimate the value crossing each chokepoint from BACI trade that travels by sea according to our mode heuristic, split between each country’s ports by where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest, and routed over our own sea network. It is an estimate, not a count of ships. It covers 99.9% of seaborne trade. The approach follows Verschuur, Lumma and Hall (Nature Communications, 2025). Data up to 2024.

All maritime chokepoints