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How much of Bahrain’s trade passes through the Strait of Hormuz?

In 2024, an estimated $22 billion of Bahrain’s trade passed through the Strait of Hormuz, 73.9% of its seaborne trade. That is $12 billion of exports and $10 billion of imports. The partners with the most trade through it are China, the United States and India.

Summary

Estimated value
$22billion
Of its seaborne trade
73.9%
Exports
$12billion
Imports
$10billion

Trend

Estimated value per year

Bahrain’s estimated trade through the Strait of Hormuz rose 20% between 2019 and 2024

Value in USD billions

  • Bahrain 22

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearEstimated valueOf its seaborne trade
1995$2.6 billion87.2%
1996$2.7 billion86.2%
1997$3.3 billion98.1%
1998$3.4 billion87.3%
1999$3.2 billion92.9%
2000$5.1 billion85.2%
2001$5 billion82.8%
2002$5.3 billion81.5%
2003$5.5 billion80.5%
2004$6.4 billion80.7%
2005$9 billion81.9%
2006$9.4 billion81.4%
2007$10.8 billion79.3%
2008$16.4 billion77.9%
2009$10.1 billion76.5%
2010$14.3 billion80.4%
2011$16.1 billion56.8%
2012$17.7 billion77.2%
2013$15.8 billion53.3%
2014$23.4 billion59.8%
2015$14.5 billion48.9%
2016$13.1 billion62.3%
2017$15.1 billion58.5%
2018$19 billion59.7%
2019$18.3 billion57.1%
2020$15.9 billion62%
2021$21 billion71.4%
2022$26.2 billion74.6%
2023$24.5 billion74.2%
2024$22 billion73.9%

Partners whose trade crosses it

Estimated value of its trade with each partner that crosses the chokepoint; the percentage is the share of all its trade through the chokepoint, not of the pair’s trade.

  1. Bahrain–China$2 billion · 8.9%
  2. Bahrain–United States$1.6 billion · 7.5%
  3. Bahrain–India$1.6 billion · 7.3%
  4. Bahrain–Brazil$1.5 billion · 6.8%
  5. Bahrain–Australia$1.5 billion · 6.6%
  6. Bahrain–South Africa$1.1 billion · 4.8%
  7. Bahrain–Japan$1 billion · 4.6%
  8. Bahrain–Egypt$715 million · 3.2%
  9. Bahrain–Germany$621 million · 2.8%
  10. Bahrain–Singapore$587 million · 2.7%

What crosses it

The products with the highest estimated value in 2024, with their share of the total through the chokepoint.

  1. Refined petroleum$5 billion · 22.9%
  2. Unwrought aluminum$3.1 billion · 14%
  3. Iron ore$2.2 billion · 9.9%
  4. Aluminum oxide and hydroxide$1.3 billion · 5.8%
  5. Cars$1 billion · 4.8%
  6. Aluminum wire$523 million · 2.4%
  7. Aluminum sheet$318 million · 1.5%
  8. Nitrogen fertilizers$291 million · 1.3%
  9. Uninsulated aluminum cable$206 million · 0.94%
  10. Pitch and pitch coke$201 million · 0.91%

Reference ports

Mina Salman (100%)

Each port with the weight it receives from the country’s trade, based on where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest.

Other chokepoints it uses

Sources and method

Sources and licenses

Methodology

We estimate the value crossing each chokepoint from BACI trade that travels by sea according to our mode heuristic, split between each country’s ports by where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest, and routed over our own sea network. It is an estimate, not a count of ships. It covers 99.9% of seaborne trade. The approach follows Verschuur, Lumma and Hall (Nature Communications, 2025). Data up to 2024.

All maritime chokepoints