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How much of Bahrain’s trade passes through the Strait of Gibraltar?

In 2024, an estimated $3.4 billion of Bahrain’s trade passed through the Strait of Gibraltar, 11.5% of its seaborne trade. That is $2.5 billion of exports and $896 million of imports. The partners with the most trade through it are Egypt, France and Italy.

Summary

Estimated value
$3.4billion
Of its seaborne trade
11.5%
Exports
$2.5billion
Imports
$896million

Trend

Estimated value per year

Bahrain’s estimated trade through the Strait of Gibraltar rose 6% between 2019 and 2024

Value in USD billions

  • Bahrain 3.4

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearEstimated valueOf its seaborne trade
1995$766 million26.1%
1996$683 million21.8%
1997$805 million24.2%
1998$807 million20.5%
1999$838 million24.2%
2000$1.2 billion19.9%
2001$1.1 billion18%
2002$1.4 billion21.1%
2003$1.2 billion17.5%
2004$1.3 billion16.6%
2005$1.8 billion16.4%
2006$2 billion17.6%
2007$2.2 billion16.5%
2008$2.9 billion13.7%
2009$1.8 billion13.9%
2010$2.4 billion13.3%
2011$2.9 billion10.4%
2012$3.6 billion15.6%
2013$3.1 billion10.5%
2014$3.4 billion8.6%
2015$3.1 billion10.6%
2016$3 billion14.5%
2017$3.2 billion12.4%
2018$3.5 billion11%
2019$3.2 billion10.1%
2020$2.9 billion11.3%
2021$3.4 billion11.6%
2022$4.9 billion13.9%
2023$4.9 billion14.8%
2024$3.4 billion11.5%

Partners whose trade crosses it

Estimated value of its trade with each partner that crosses the chokepoint; the percentage is the share of all its trade through the chokepoint, not of the pair’s trade.

  1. Bahrain–Egypt$486 million · 14.2%
  2. Bahrain–France$423 million · 12.4%
  3. Bahrain–Italy$363 million · 10.6%
  4. Bahrain–Spain$361 million · 10.6%
  5. Bahrain–Turkey$328 million · 9.6%
  6. Bahrain–Algeria$295 million · 8.7%
  7. Bahrain–United States$190 million · 5.6%
  8. Bahrain–Greece$132 million · 3.9%
  9. Bahrain–Germany$93 million · 2.7%
  10. Bahrain–Israel$87 million · 2.5%

What crosses it

The products with the highest estimated value in 2024, with their share of the total through the chokepoint.

  1. Unwrought aluminum$907 million · 26.6%
  2. Refined petroleum$654 million · 19.2%
  3. Iron ore$348 million · 10.2%
  4. Aluminum wire$205 million · 6%
  5. Aluminum sheet$93 million · 2.7%
  6. Steel angles and sections$72 million · 2.1%
  7. Cars$65 million · 1.9%
  8. Petroleum coke and bitumen$45 million · 1.3%
  9. Fiberglass and glass wool$38 million · 1.1%
  10. Cheese$29 million · 0.84%

Reference ports

Mina Salman (100%)

Each port with the weight it receives from the country’s trade, based on where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest.

Other chokepoints it uses

Sources and method

Sources and licenses

Methodology

We estimate the value crossing each chokepoint from BACI trade that travels by sea according to our mode heuristic, split between each country’s ports by where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest, and routed over our own sea network. It is an estimate, not a count of ships. It covers 99.9% of seaborne trade. The approach follows Verschuur, Lumma and Hall (Nature Communications, 2025). Data up to 2024.

All maritime chokepoints