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Trade between China and Russia

In 2024, China exported $113.9 billion to Russia and imported $129.6 billion. China ran a deficit of $15.7 billion with Russia, compared with a deficit of $4.2 billion in 2019. Russia was China’s 7th largest trading partner (4% of its trade), and China was Russia’s largest (42%).

Summary

China → Russia
$113.9billion
Russia → China
$129.6billion
China’s balance
-$15.7billion

Balance

China’s trade balance with Russia

Trade between China and Russia grew 47.3-fold since 1995

USD billions (current). China’s exports and imports; bars: its balance (green surplus, red deficit).

  • Exports 114
  • Imports 130
  • Balance -15.7

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearExportsImportsTrade balance
1995$1.7 billion$3.5 billion-$1.8 billion
1996$1.3 billion$5 billion-$3.7 billion
1997$1.4 billion$3.8 billion-$2.3 billion
1998$1.4 billion$3.3 billion-$1.9 billion
1999$1.1 billion$3.8 billion-$2.7 billion
2000$1.2 billion$4.9 billion-$3.7 billion
2001$1.9 billion$6.4 billion-$4.5 billion
2002$2.7 billion$6.4 billion-$3.7 billion
2003$4 billion$8.5 billion-$4.5 billion
2004$5.5 billion$9.7 billion-$4.2 billion
2005$8.1 billion$12.5 billion-$4.4 billion
2006$13.9 billion$14.8 billion-$892 million
2007$26.8 billion$16.2 billion$10.6 billion
2008$35.5 billion$21.2 billion$14.4 billion
2009$23 billion$17.5 billion$5.5 billion
2010$39.3 billion$21.7 billion$17.6 billion
2011$48.3 billion$35.6 billion$12.7 billion
2012$52.3 billion$38.9 billion$13.4 billion
2013$53.7 billion$37.9 billion$15.8 billion
2014$51.7 billion$39.9 billion$11.9 billion
2015$36.2 billion$31.4 billion$4.8 billion
2016$40.4 billion$32.3 billion$8 billion
2017$50.9 billion$41.9 billion$9 billion
2018$53.5 billion$55.6 billion-$2.1 billion
2019$54.4 billion$58.6 billion-$4.2 billion
2020$55.8 billion$51.7 billion$4.1 billion
2021$73.2 billion$72.9 billion$235 million
2022$75.4 billion$114.1 billion-$38.8 billion
2023$110 billion$129 billion-$19 billion
2024$113.9 billion$129.6 billion-$15.7 billion

What they sell each other

What China sells to Russia

The top 10 headings in 2024, with their share of the total.

  1. Cars$15.2 billion · 13.4%
    1.7 million tonnes · China’s destinations
  2. Cameras and broadcast equipment$3.9 billion · 3.4%
    27 thousand tonnes
  3. Computers$2.8 billion · 2.5%
    17 thousand tonnes · China’s destinations
  4. Tractors$2.7 billion · 2.4%
    407 thousand tonnes · China’s destinations
  5. Trucks$2.7 billion · 2.4%
    615 thousand tonnes · China’s destinations
  6. Auto parts$2.6 billion · 2.3%
    604 thousand tonnes · China’s destinations
  7. Bulldozers and excavators$2.2 billion · 1.9%
    510 thousand tonnes · China’s destinations
  8. Other industrial machines$1.7 billion · 1.5%
    142 thousand tonnes
  9. New tires$1.5 billion · 1.3%
    480 thousand tonnes · China’s destinations
  10. Electric heaters and hair dryers$1.4 billion · 1.2%
    258 thousand tonnes

What Russia sells to China

The top 10 headings in 2024, with their share of the total.

  1. Crude petroleum$62.6 billion · 48.3%
    108.5 million tonnes · Russia’s destinations
  2. Natural gas and LPG$13.2 billion · 10.2%
    24.6 million tonnes
  3. Coal$10.5 billion · 8.1%
    88.3 million tonnes · Russia’s destinations
  4. Refined petroleum$8 billion · 6.2%
    14.3 million tonnes · Russia’s destinations
  5. Unwrought aluminum$3.8 billion · 2.9%
    1.5 million tonnes · Russia’s destinations
  6. Sawn wood$2.6 billion · 2%
    7 million tonnes · Russia’s destinations
  7. Refined copper$2.3 billion · 1.8%
    249 thousand tonnes · Russia’s destinations
  8. Precious metal ore$2 billion · 1.5%
    400 thousand tonnes
  9. Copper ore$1.5 billion · 1.1%
    413 thousand tonnes · Russia’s destinations
  10. Frozen fish$1.3 billion · 1%
    1 million tonnes

How it travels

China and Russia traded $243.4 billion in 2024 (both directions together). They trade mostly over land: 85% of the value travels by truck, rail or pipeline.

Split by transport mode

  1. Sea$37.6 billion · 15.4%
  2. Land$205.9 billion · 84.6%

Mode estimated from value per kilo and geography; both directions together.

How much each matters to the other

Russia was China’s 7th largest trading partner (4% of its trade), and China was Russia’s largest (42%).

Russia in China’s trade
4.2%
Russia’s rank among China’s partners
7th
China in Russia’s trade
42.1%
China’s rank among Russia’s partners
1st

Compare with

Other partners of China

Other partners of Russia

Sources and methodology

Sources and licenses

Methodology

Goods trade from CEPII BACI (BACI_HS92_V202601), in current US dollars, with exports and imports reconciled between countries. The transport mode is our own estimate based on value per kilo and geography. The sea route comes from our own network derived from World Bank shipping density (not from nautical charts), between one main reference port per country (World Port Index); days are the distance at 14 and 18 knots, without port calls or waiting. Data up to 2024.