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Millstones and grinding wheels: top exporters and importers (2024)

In 2024, world trade in millstones and grinding wheels totaled $5.5 billion (748 thousand tonnes). The top exporters were China (28%), Germany (11%) and Japan (9%); the top importers were the United States (10%), Germany (7%) and China (7%). Compared with 2019, the value rose 11%.

Summary

World trade
$5.5billion
Tonnes
748thousand tonnes
Price per tonne
$7,353
The largest flows between countries. Width: value; color: estimated transport mode.SeaAirLand

Top exporters

  1. China$1.6 billion · 28.4%
  2. Germany$593 million · 10.7%
  3. Japan$501 million · 9%
  4. Italy$351 million · 6.3%
  5. Austria$325 million · 5.9%
  6. South Korea$288 million · 5.2%
  7. United States$252 million · 4.6%
  8. Thailand$162 million · 2.9%
  9. Poland$139 million · 2.5%
  10. Switzerland$125 million · 2.3%
  11. Spain$102 million · 1.8%
  12. India$91 million · 1.6%
  13. Netherlands$76 million · 1.4%
    re-exports
  14. Taiwan$68 million · 1.2%
  15. Slovenia$66 million · 1.2%
  16. Hungary$63 million · 1.1%
  17. Sweden$58 million · 1%
  18. Singapore$57 million · 1%
    re-exports
  19. Turkey$52 million · 0.94%
  20. Mexico$51 million · 0.91%

Top importers

  1. United States$568 million · 10.2%
  2. Germany$413 million · 7.4%
  3. China$366 million · 6.6%
  4. India$294 million · 5.3%
  5. Brazil$242 million · 4.4%
  6. Taiwan$189 million · 3.4%
  7. Mexico$178 million · 3.2%
  8. France$165 million · 3%
  9. Vietnam$151 million · 2.7%
  10. Spain$144 million · 2.6%
  11. Italy$141 million · 2.5%
  12. South Korea$130 million · 2.3%
  13. Switzerland$115 million · 2.1%
  14. Netherlands$110 million · 2%
    re-exports
  15. Canada$101 million · 1.8%
  16. Poland$101 million · 1.8%
  17. United Kingdom$96 million · 1.7%
  18. Czechia$94 million · 1.7%
  19. Indonesia$93 million · 1.7%
  20. Japan$92 million · 1.7%

Trend

Who sells it

China has been the top exporter since 2010

Value in USD billions. The five largest exporters in 2024.

  • China 1.6
  • Germany 0.59
  • Japan 0.5
  • Italy 0.35
  • Austria 0.32

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
Country19952024
China0.051.6
Germany0.290.59
Japan0.230.5
Italy0.170.35
Austria0.150.32

Price

Implied price

The price per tonne rose 5% since 1995

Current US dollars per tonne: value over the weight reported by BACI.

  • 2024: $7,353

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearUSD per tonne
1995$6,971
1996$5,040
1997$5,900
1998$6,438
1999$6,014
2000$5,529
2001$5,796
2002$5,544
2003$6,189
2004$4,183
2005$6,544
2006$6,764
2007$6,612
2008$7,125
2009$6,581
2010$5,430
2011$7,188
2012$6,708
2013$5,571
2014$6,803
2015$6,199
2016$6,474
2017$7,283
2018$7,869
2019$7,696
2020$7,396
2021$7,631
2022$7,465
2023$7,651
2024$7,353

What it includes

  • 6804 · Millstones and grinding wheels

Products in the same chapter

Sources and methodology

Sources and licenses

Methodology

Goods trade from CEPII BACI (BACI_HS92_V202601), which reconciles what exporters and importers report: countries that stopped reporting (Russia since 2022) appear with their partners’ data. FOB values in current US dollars; tonnes when BACI reports them. The price per tonne is the value of the rows with a weight divided by that weight. The transport mode is our own estimate based on value per kilo and geography. Data up to 2024.

Hong Kong, Singapore, the Netherlands and Belgium re-export goods from other countries: their figures include transit.

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