How dependent is Turkey on Malaysia?

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

• Malaysia sells 34.1% of what the world exports of palm oil; next come Indonesia (48.7%), Netherlands (2%) and Thailand (1.9%). The rest of the world exported 42.8 times what Turkey buys from Malaysia.
• Malaysia sells 36.2% of what the world exports of rubber gloves and clothing; next come China (23%), Thailand (17.4%) and Indonesia (3.8%). The rest of the world exported 64.5 times what Turkey buys from Malaysia.
• Malaysia sells 15.4% of what the world exports of coconut and palm kernel oil; next come Indonesia (33.9%), Philippines (26.6%) and Netherlands (5.9%). The rest of the world exported 83.1 times what Turkey buys from Malaysia.
• Malaysia sells 5.4% of what the world exports of soap; next come Indonesia (12%), China (11%) and Germany (7.3%). The rest of the world exported 155.9 times what Turkey buys from Malaysia.
• Malaysia sells 17.6% of what the world exports of hydrogenated fats and oils; next come Indonesia (32%), Netherlands (6.9%) and Germany (4.9%). The rest of the world exported 107.7 times what Turkey buys from Malaysia.
• Malaysia sells 0.6% of what the world exports of crustaceans (shrimp, lobster, crab); next come Ecuador (22.5%), India (16%) and Canada (11.3%). The rest of the world exported 1,786 times what Turkey buys from Malaysia.
• Malaysia sells 1.3% of what the world exports of mollusks (squid, mussels, oysters); next come China (16.7%), Spain (6.9%) and Indonesia (6.8%). The rest of the world exported 955.1 times what Turkey buys from Malaysia.

Exports from the rest of the world already have buyers; the figure shows scale, not availability.

Turkey is Malaysia’s 17th-largest customer, with 1.1% of its exports.

• Trade between Turkey and Malaysia
• Who does Turkey rely on?
• Who does Malaysia rely on?
• Dependence of Turkey on Russia
• Dependence of Turkey on China
• Dependence of Turkey on Switzerland
• Dependence of Turkey on Italy
• Dependence of Turkey on France
• Dependence of Turkey on Brazil
• Dependence of Turkey on the United States
• Trade profile of Turkey
• Trade profile of Malaysia
• All countries

Sources and licenses

• CEPII BACI · Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
• Natural Earth · Public domain

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.