How dependent is Peru on the United States?

and 5 more

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

• The United States sells 11.7% of what the world exports of refined petroleum; next come Singapore (6.3%), South Korea (5.9%) and Netherlands (5.7%). The rest of the world exported 201 times what Peru buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 18% of what the world exports of natural gas and LPG; next come Norway (11%), Australia (10%) and Qatar (9.1%). The rest of the world exported 1,374.5 times what Peru buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 13.9% of what the world exports of ferrous scrap; next come Germany (9.9%), United Kingdom (7.6%) and Netherlands (6.6%). The rest of the world exported 139.9 times what Peru buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 19.4% of what the world exports of polyethylene; next come Saudi Arabia (12.9%), South Korea (6.7%) and Canada (5.4%). The rest of the world exported 256.3 times what Peru buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 32.9% of what the world exports of ethyl alcohol (ethanol); next come Brazil (12.5%), Netherlands (11.5%) and Belgium (6.2%). The rest of the world exported 67.7 times what Peru buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 26.8% of what the world exports of raw cotton; next come Brazil (30.7%), Australia (13.7%) and India (5.5%). The rest of the world exported 132.6 times what Peru buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 18.7% of what the world exports of PVC and other vinyl polymers; next come China (16.2%), Germany (8.1%) and France (7.1%). The rest of the world exported 200.6 times what Peru buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 30.3% of what the world exports of turbojets and gas turbines; next come United Kingdom (14.5%), France (10%) and Hong Kong (5.3%). The rest of the world exported 2,546.3 times what Peru buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 4% of what the world exports of gold; next come Switzerland (19.2%), United Arab Emirates (10.6%) and Hong Kong (6.4%). The rest of the world exported 10,050 times what Peru buys from the United States.
• The United States sells 21.7% of what the world exports of fuel and lubricant additives; next come France (17.7%), Singapore (14%) and Italy (8.5%). The rest of the world exported 251.2 times what Peru buys from the United States.

Exports from the rest of the world already have buyers; the figure shows scale, not availability.

Peru is the United States’ 33rd-largest customer, with 0.55% of its exports.

• Trade between Peru and the United States
• Who does Peru rely on?
• Who does the United States rely on?
• Dependence of Peru on China
• Dependence of Peru on Argentina
• Trade profile of Peru
• Trade profile of the United States
• All countries

Sources and licenses

• CEPII BACI · Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
• Natural Earth · Public domain

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.