How dependent is Malaysia on China?

and 333 more

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

• China sells 46.2% of what the world exports of cameras and broadcast equipment; next come Vietnam (13.1%), Taiwan (4.4%) and India (4.3%). The rest of the world exported 106.8 times what Malaysia buys from China.
• China sells 34.6% of what the world exports of transformers and power supplies; next come Germany (7%), Mexico (4.5%) and Japan (3.9%). The rest of the world exported 82.6 times what Malaysia buys from China.
• China sells 56.2% of what the world exports of phones and telecom equipment; next come Vietnam (11.1%), South Korea (5.6%) and Taiwan (3.4%). The rest of the world exported 23.9 times what Malaysia buys from China.
• China sells 20.3% of what the world exports of cables and wire; next come Mexico (11.1%), United States (6%) and Germany (5.3%). The rest of the world exported 163 times what Malaysia buys from China.
• China sells 30.8% of what the world exports of furniture; next come Vietnam (10.4%), Italy (7.3%) and Germany (7%). The rest of the world exported 89.2 times what Malaysia buys from China.
• China sells 37.2% of what the world exports of bags, suitcases and cases; next come Italy (14.9%), France (14.7%) and Vietnam (6%). The rest of the world exported 75.6 times what Malaysia buys from China.
• China sells 30.3% of what the world exports of other electrical devices; next come United States (8.6%), Mexico (7.3%) and Germany (7%). The rest of the world exported 70.7 times what Malaysia buys from China.
• China sells 39.4% of what the world exports of air conditioners; next come Thailand (11.7%), Mexico (11.7%) and United States (4.2%). The rest of the world exported 72.4 times what Malaysia buys from China.
• China sells 50.8% of what the world exports of batteries; next come South Korea (6.1%), United States (5.4%) and Poland (5.4%). The rest of the world exported 133.9 times what Malaysia buys from China.
• China sells 45.9% of what the world exports of microphones and speakers; next come Vietnam (17.2%), Mexico (4.5%) and Germany (3.8%). The rest of the world exported 60.2 times what Malaysia buys from China.

Exports from the rest of the world already have buyers; the figure shows scale, not availability.

Malaysia is China’s 17th-largest customer, with 2% of its exports.

• Trade between Malaysia and China
• Who does Malaysia rely on?
• Who does China rely on?
• Dependence of Malaysia on Indonesia
• Dependence of Malaysia on Australia
• Dependence of Malaysia on Brazil
• Dependence of Malaysia on Thailand
• Dependence of Malaysia on the United States
• Dependence of Malaysia on Argentina
• Dependence of Malaysia on Singapore
• Dependence of Malaysia on Japan
• Dependence of Malaysia on India
• Trade profile of Malaysia
• Trade profile of China
• All countries

Sources and licenses

• CEPII BACI · Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
• Natural Earth · Public domain

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.