How dependent is India on Indonesia?

A product has a dominant supplier when a single country sells more than 50% of what is bought of it; we flag it separately above 75%.

• Indonesia sells 48.7% of what the world exports of palm oil; next come Malaysia (34.1%), Netherlands (2%) and Thailand (1.9%). The rest of the world exported 4.9 times what India buys from Indonesia.
• Indonesia sells 57.6% of what the world exports of stainless steel ingots and semi-finished products; next come United Kingdom (10.7%), Sweden (5.1%) and Italy (4.9%). The rest of the world exported 1.7 times what India buys from Indonesia.
• Indonesia sells 44.2% of what the world exports of industrial fatty acids; next come Malaysia (18.8%), Netherlands (7.5%) and Germany (4.9%). The rest of the world exported 16.8 times what India buys from Indonesia.
• Indonesia sells 26.7% of what the world exports of unwrought tin; next come Peru (15%), Bolivia (10.3%) and Malaysia (8.6%). The rest of the world exported 14.2 times what India buys from Indonesia.
• Indonesia sells 10.6% of what the world exports of cocoa butter; next come Netherlands (28.6%), Germany (10.2%) and Malaysia (9.1%). The rest of the world exported 43.5 times what India buys from Indonesia.
• Indonesia sells 12% of what the world exports of soap; next come China (11%), Germany (7.3%) and United States (5.9%). The rest of the world exported 33 times what India buys from Indonesia.
• Indonesia sells 9.8% of what the world exports of cocoa powder; next come Netherlands (26.9%), Malaysia (15.1%) and Germany (9%). The rest of the world exported 24.9 times what India buys from Indonesia.
• Indonesia sells 15.9% of what the world exports of writing and printing paper; next come Portugal (9.3%), China (8.4%) and Germany (6.9%). The rest of the world exported 67.1 times what India buys from Indonesia.
• Indonesia sells 16.1% of what the world exports of vegetable tanning extracts and tannins; next come South Africa (18%), Argentina (15.2%) and Italy (8.5%). The rest of the world exported 5.2 times what India buys from Indonesia.
• Indonesia sells 33.6% of what the world exports of crude glycerin; next come Germany (18.1%), Malaysia (11.7%) and Brazil (8.3%). The rest of the world exported 35.3 times what India buys from Indonesia.

Exports from the rest of the world already have buyers; the figure shows scale, not availability.

India is Indonesia’s 3rd-largest customer, with 8.1% of its exports.

• Trade between India and Indonesia
• Who does India rely on?
• Who does Indonesia rely on?
• Dependence of India on China
• Dependence of India on the United States
• Dependence of India on the United Arab Emirates
• Dependence of India on Japan
• Dependence of India on Argentina
• Dependence of India on Russia
• Dependence of India on Brazil
• Dependence of India on Zambia
• Dependence of India on South Korea
• Dependence of India on South Africa
• Dependence of India on Vietnam
• Dependence of India on Bangladesh
• Dependence of India on Thailand
• Trade profile of India
• Trade profile of Indonesia
• All countries

Sources and licenses

• CEPII BACI · Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
• Natural Earth · Public domain

Methodology

The data come from CEPII BACI (Etalab 2.0 licence), which reconciles what the exporting and the importing country report, in current USD, FOB. Data up to 2024.

Dependence is the share of a country’s imports (or exports) that each partner accounts for. It does not measure whether a product has a substitute or how much it would cost to change supplier.

The concentration index (HHI) adds up the square of each partner’s share, in percent: it runs from 0 to 10,000. Its equivalent is 10,000 ÷ HHI, the number of partners of the same size that would give that value.

Products are HS4 headings of the 1992 nomenclature (some combine different goods), with a floor of $1 million per product and country.

The EU is the 27 current members in every year; the United Kingdom is outside the EU throughout the series.

Re-exports: countries that act as redistribution hubs carry their notice and the figures are not corrected.