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Turkmenistan trade in 2024

In 2024, Turkmenistan exported $13.5 billion and imported $3.9 billion, a trade surplus of $9.6 billion. It was the world's 92nd-largest exporter, with 0.06% of world exports. Its top export was natural gas and LPG (79.1% of the total) and its main trading partner was China (61.1% of its trade).

Summary

Exports
$13.5billion
Imports
$3.9billion
Trade balance
+$9.6billion
Routes to the main partners. Width: trade value; color: estimated transport mode.SeaAirLand
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Products

What it exports

Natural gas and LPG (79.1%) and refined petroleum (10.7%) together make up 89.7% of its exports.

  1. Natural gas and LPG$10.7 billion · 79.1%
    Main partner: China
  2. Refined petroleum$1.4 billion · 10.7%
    Main partner: Turkey
  3. Nitrogen fertilizers$330 million · 2.4%
    Main partner: Argentina
  4. Potash fertilizers$259 million · 1.9%
    Main partner: India
  5. Crude petroleum$175 million · 1.3%
    Main partner: Azerbaijan
  6. Electricity$103 million · 0.76%
    Main partner: Uzbekistan
  7. Fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine$75 million · 0.56%
    Main partner: India
  8. Cotton yarn$73 million · 0.54%
    Main partner: Turkey
  9. Tomatoes$52 million · 0.38%
    Main partner: Kazakhstan
  10. Petroleum coke and bitumen$38 million · 0.28%
    Main partner: Uzbekistan

What it imports

Cameras and broadcast equipment (3.6%) and medicines in measured doses or retail packs (2.2%) together make up 5.8% of its imports.

  1. Cameras and broadcast equipment$142 million · 3.6%
    Main partner: Kazakhstan
  2. Medicines in measured doses or retail packs$86 million · 2.2%
    Main partner: India
  3. Steel structures$84 million · 2.1%
    Main partner: Turkey
  4. Seamless steel pipes$84 million · 2.1%
    Main partner: China
  5. Airplanes and helicopters$75 million · 1.9%
    Main partner: Canada
  6. Liquid pumps$67 million · 1.7%
    Main partner: China
  7. Poultry meat$63 million · 1.6%
    Main partner: United States
  8. Cables and wire$62 million · 1.6%
    Main partner: Turkey
  9. Dredgers and floating cranes$60 million · 1.5%
    Main partner: Netherlands
  10. Steel bars$60 million · 1.5%
    Main partner: Kazakhstan
By Harmonized System chapter (96)
ChapterExportsImports
27 · Oil, gas and coal$12.5 billion$47 million
31 · Fertilizers$591 million$27 million
52 · Cotton$119 million$21 million
28 · Inorganic chemicals$85 million$25 million
07 · Vegetables$56 million$14 million
39 · Plastics$43 million$138 million
34 · Soap and cleaning products$14 million$25 million
25 · Salt, stone and cement$13 million$28 million
13 · Gums and plant extracts$11 million$906 thousand
41 · Hides and leather$9 million$23 thousand
63 · Home textiles and used clothing$9 million$10 million
84 · Mechanical machinery$8 million$833 million
74 · Copper$7 million$4 million
69 · Ceramics$6 million$40 million
12 · Oilseeds and grains$6 million$13 million
68 · Stone, plaster and cement articles$5 million$44 million
87 · Vehicles$5 million$244 million
54 · Synthetic filaments$5 million$29 million
55 · Synthetic staple fibers$4 million$24 million
14 · Other plant products$4 million$245 thousand
85 · Electrical and electronic equipment$4 million$459 million
20 · Preserved fruit and vegetables$3 million$8 million
70 · Glass$3 million$19 million
18 · Cocoa and chocolate$3 million$15 million
56 · Felt, nonwovens and rope$2 million$6 million
76 · Aluminum$2 million$55 million
62 · Woven clothing$2 million$22 million
51 · Wool$2 million$2 million
71 · Gems and precious metals$2 million$25 million
19 · Baked goods and cereal products$2 million$12 million
44 · Wood$2 million$38 million
17 · Sugar and sweets$1 million$26 million
97 · Art and antiques$1 million$158 thousand
08 · Fruit and nuts$984 thousand$16 million
73 · Iron and steel products$906 thousand$309 million
48 · Paper and paperboard$901 thousand$31 million
22 · Beverages and spirits$900 thousand$8 million
96 · Other manufactured goods$536 thousand$9 million
94 · Furniture and lighting$479 thousand$104 million
15 · Fats and oils$465 thousand$25 million
40 · Rubber$429 thousand$78 million
90 · Precision and medical instruments$394 thousand$128 million
32 · Dyes, paints and tanning agents$352 thousand$32 million
47 · Wood pulp$350 thousand$775 thousand
38 · Miscellaneous chemicals$282 thousand$112 million
33 · Perfumes and cosmetics$241 thousand$54 million
60 · Knitted fabric$231 thousand$14 million
30 · Pharmaceuticals$167 thousand$122 million
83 · Miscellaneous metal goods$160 thousand$23 million
82 · Tools and cutlery$159 thousand$20 million
05 · Other animal products$141 thousand$1 million
61 · Knitted clothing$133 thousand$16 million
64 · Footwear$95 thousand$9 million
02 · Meat and offal$81 thousand$69 million
49 · Books and printed matter$70 thousand$9 million
23 · Animal feed and food waste$60 thousand$11 million
42 · Leather goods and bags$54 thousand$5 million
11 · Milling products and malt$49 thousand$16 million
95 · Toys and sports gear$43 thousand$15 million
10 · Cereals$40 thousand$9 million
57 · Carpets and rugs$35 thousand$6 million
86 · Railway equipment$33 thousand$8 million
21 · Food preparations$30 thousand$48 million
26 · Ores and slag$28 thousand$1 million
72 · Iron and steel$22 thousand$110 million
88 · Aircraft and spacecraft$11 thousand$82 million
59 · Coated and technical textiles$9 thousand$7 million
65 · Hats$8 thousand$1 million
58 · Special fabrics and lace$2 thousand$13 million
93 · Weapons and ammunition$1 thousand$60 thousand
01 · Live animals$772$1 million
29 · Organic chemicals$491$16 million
04 · Dairy, eggs and honey$146$8 million
66 · Umbrellas and canes$65$420 thousand
53 · Other plant fibers$54$3 million
46 · Wicker and basketware$8$28 thousand
35 · Glues, starches and enzymes$3$6 million
89 · Ships and boats$0$75 million
09 · Coffee, tea and spices$0$7 million
06 · Live plants and flowers$0$7 million
75 · Nickel$0$3 million
91 · Watches and clocks$0$3 million
36 · Explosives and matches$0$2 million
37 · Photographic goods$0$2 million
16 · Prepared meat and fish$0$2 million
67 · Feathers and artificial flowers$0$668 thousand
03 · Fish and seafood$0$527 thousand
92 · Musical instruments$0$420 thousand
81 · Other base metals$0$416 thousand
80 · Tin$0$253 thousand
79 · Zinc$0$160 thousand
78 · Lead$0$135 thousand
24 · Tobacco$0$64 thousand
50 · Silk$0$41 thousand
43 · Fur and fur goods$0$36 thousand
45 · Cork$0$11 thousand

Trading partners

Its main destination is China (71.2% of exports) and its main source is Turkey (28% of imports).

Who it sells to

PartnerValue (USD billions)ShareMode
China9.671.2%Sea
Turkey1.17.9%Sea
Uzbekistan17.5%Land
Greece0.322.3%Sea
Azerbaijan0.32.3%Sea
India0.261.9%Sea
Kazakhstan0.221.6%Land
Bulgaria0.130.96%Sea
Singapore0.110.83%Sea
Ukraine0.080.59%Sea

Who it buys from

PartnerValue (USD billions)ShareMode
Turkey1.128%Sea
China126.3%Sea
Kazakhstan0.348.6%Land
Germany0.266.6%Sea
Netherlands0.112.8%Sea
Italy0.112.7%Sea
Uzbekistan0.12.4%Land
Canada0.082.1%Air
France0.082.1%Sea
Azerbaijan0.082.1%Sea

Overview 1995–2024

In 2024, Turkmenistan accounted for 0.06% of world exports, compared with 0.01% in 1995.

Exports and imports

Exports grew 30-fold since 1995

USD billions (current). Bars: trade balance (green surplus, red deficit).

  • Exports 13.5
  • Imports 3.9
  • Balance +9.6

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearExportsImportsTrade balance
1995$451 million$274 million$178 million
1996$2 billion$931 million$1.1 billion
1997$1.4 billion$1 billion$329 million
1998$322 million$695 million-$373 million
1999$1.4 billion$1.5 billion-$41 million
2000$3.2 billion$1.7 billion$1.5 billion
2001$2.3 billion$1 billion$1.3 billion
2002$2.6 billion$960 million$1.7 billion
2003$2.7 billion$1.4 billion$1.3 billion
2004$3.6 billion$1.9 billion$1.7 billion
2005$4.8 billion$2 billion$2.8 billion
2006$5.4 billion$1.7 billion$3.7 billion
2007$6.5 billion$2.4 billion$4.1 billion
2008$8.1 billion$4.1 billion$4 billion
2009$2.1 billion$5.1 billion-$3 billion
2010$2.6 billion$4.6 billion-$1.9 billion
2011$7.4 billion$6.2 billion$1.2 billion
2012$10.8 billion$8.2 billion$2.6 billion
2013$11.7 billion$8.6 billion$3 billion
2014$11.9 billion$9 billion$2.9 billion
2015$10.1 billion$6.6 billion$3.4 billion
2016$8 billion$5.6 billion$2.5 billion
2017$8.5 billion$4.3 billion$4.2 billion
2018$8.6 billion$2.8 billion$5.7 billion
2019$12.2 billion$3.4 billion$8.8 billion
2020$10.1 billion$3.3 billion$6.7 billion
2021$9.5 billion$3.9 billion$5.6 billion
2022$14.3 billion$4.9 billion$9.4 billion
2023$15.3 billion$4.8 billion$10.6 billion
2024$13.5 billion$3.9 billion$9.6 billion

World rank

Turkmenistan rose from 133rd to 92nd among the world's exporters

Rank among 222 countries by export value (1st at the top).

  • 133rd in 1995
  • 92nd in 2024

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearRank
1995133rd
199695th
1997110th
1998148th
1999107th
200089th
2001102nd
200297th
2003104th
200498th
200595th
200694th
200795th
200896th
2009129th
2010127th
2011103rd
201292nd
201392nd
201492nd
201591st
201697th
201799th
2018101st
201990th
202090th
2021104th
202292nd
202387th
202492nd

What it sells

Oil, gas and coal became its top export group: from 17% to 92%

% of exports by Harmonized System chapter.

  • Other 1%
  • Salt, stone and cement 0%
  • Soap and cleaning products 0%
  • Plastics 0%
  • Vegetables 0%
  • Inorganic chemicals 1%
  • Cotton 1%
  • Fertilizers 4%
  • Oil, gas and coal 92%

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
Chapter19952024
Oil, gas and coal17.4%92.3%
Fertilizers0%4.4%
Cotton73.7%0.88%
Inorganic chemicals0.13%0.63%
Vegetables0%0.41%
Plastics0.01%0.32%
Soap and cleaning products0%0.1%
Salt, stone and cement0.05%0.1%
Other8.7%0.85%

Who it trades with

China went from 2% to 61% of Turkmenistan's trade

% of total trade (exports + imports) with each partner.

  • China 61%
  • Turkey 12%
  • Uzbekistan 6%
  • Kazakhstan 3%
  • Azerbaijan 2%

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
Partner19952024
China2.4%61.1%
Turkey23.2%12.4%
Uzbekistan0%6.4%
Kazakhstan0%3.2%
Azerbaijan0%2.2%

Production hubs

Largest industrial emission sources (Climate TRACE, 2025)

  • Amu-Dar'ya basinOil and gas · 50.2 Mt CO₂e
  • South Caspian basin (conventional onshore)Oil and gas · 37 Mt CO₂e
  • South Caspian basin (conventional offshore)Oil and gas · 15.8 Mt CO₂e
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Largest economic production hubs (gridded GDP, 2024)

  • Ashgabat$37.5 billion (PPP, 2021 dollars)
  • Mary$20.4 billion (PPP, 2021 dollars)
  • Nukus$14.1 billion (PPP, 2021 dollars)
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Sources and methodology

Sources and licenses

Methodology

Goods trade from CEPII BACI (BACI_HS92_V202601), in current US dollars, with exports and imports reconciled between countries. The transport mode is our own estimate based on value per kilo and geography. Ranks are computed among the countries with data each year. Services are not included. Data up to 2024.

Neighboring countries

Main partners

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