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How much of Senegal’s trade passes through the Strait of Gibraltar?

In 2024, an estimated $3.7 billion of Senegal’s trade passed through the Strait of Gibraltar, 22.2% of its seaborne trade. That is $732 million of exports and $3 billion of imports. The partners with the most trade through it are Spain, China and Turkey.

Summary

Estimated value
$3.7billion
Of its seaborne trade
22.2%
Exports
$732million
Imports
$3billion

Trend

Estimated value per year

Senegal’s estimated trade through the Strait of Gibraltar fell 33% between 2019 and 2024

Value in USD billions

  • Senegal 3.7

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearEstimated valueOf its seaborne trade
1995$663 million42.2%
1996$1.1 billion43.5%
1997$1 billion43.9%
1998$1 billion44.2%
1999$1.1 billion48.1%
2000$925 million38.9%
2001$1.1 billion43.7%
2002$1.3 billion46.2%
2003$1.5 billion43.7%
2004$1.6 billion42.8%
2005$2 billion44.5%
2006$1.9 billion42.3%
2007$2.6 billion42.6%
2008$3.2 billion41.9%
2009$2.5 billion41.3%
2010$2.6 billion41.4%
2011$3.4 billion42.3%
2012$3.7 billion42.7%
2013$3.6 billion42.4%
2014$3.9 billion44.7%
2015$4 billion48.7%
2016$4.3 billion51.2%
2017$5.2 billion51.1%
2018$6 billion50.1%
2019$5.5 billion47.8%
2020$5.2 billion48.1%
2021$7.3 billion52.4%
2022$9 billion54.7%
2023$8 billion50.9%
2024$3.7 billion22.2%

Partners whose trade crosses it

Estimated value of its trade with each partner that crosses the chokepoint; the percentage is the share of all its trade through the chokepoint, not of the pair’s trade.

  1. Senegal–Spain$505 million · 13.6%
  2. Senegal–China$475 million · 12.7%
  3. Senegal–Turkey$458 million · 12.3%
  4. Senegal–France$439 million · 11.8%
  5. Senegal–Russia$305 million · 8.2%
  6. Senegal–Italy$302 million · 8.1%
  7. Senegal–Croatia$240 million · 6.4%
  8. Senegal–India$194 million · 5.2%
  9. Senegal–Egypt$127 million · 3.4%
  10. Senegal–Bulgaria$105 million · 2.8%

What crosses it

The products with the highest estimated value in 2024, with their share of the total through the chokepoint.

  1. Refined petroleum$693 million · 18.6%
  2. Dredgers and floating cranes$237 million · 6.4%
  3. Crude petroleum$181 million · 4.9%
  4. Medicines in measured doses or retail packs$78 million · 2.1%
  5. Phosphoric acid$68 million · 1.8%
  6. Wheat$67 million · 1.8%
  7. Rice$58 million · 1.6%
  8. Peanuts$44 million · 1.2%
  9. Cables and wire$42 million · 1.1%
  10. Petroleum coke and bitumen$42 million · 1.1%

Reference ports

Dakar (100%)

Each port with the weight it receives from the country’s trade, based on where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest.

Other chokepoints it uses

Sources and method

Sources and licenses

Methodology

We estimate the value crossing each chokepoint from BACI trade that travels by sea according to our mode heuristic, split between each country’s ports by where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest, and routed over our own sea network. It is an estimate, not a count of ships. It covers 99.9% of seaborne trade. The approach follows Verschuur, Lumma and Hall (Nature Communications, 2025). Data up to 2024.

All maritime chokepoints