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How much of Serbia’s trade passes through the Strait of Gibraltar?

In 2024, an estimated $27.3 billion of Serbia’s trade passed through the Strait of Gibraltar, 57.2% of its seaborne trade. That is $12.4 billion of exports and $14.9 billion of imports. The partners with the most trade through it are Germany, China and Czechia.

Summary

Estimated value
$27.3billion
Of its seaborne trade
57.2%
Exports
$12.4billion
Imports
$14.9billion

Trend

Estimated value per year

Serbia’s estimated trade through the Strait of Gibraltar rose 115% between 2019 and 2024

Value in USD billions

  • Serbia 27.3

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearEstimated valueOf its seaborne trade
1995$153 million50.7%
1996$1.7 billion41.7%
1997$2.1 billion39.7%
1998$2.5 billion43.4%
1999$1.6 billion43.2%
2000$1.7 billion41.8%
2001$2.1 billion41.9%
2002$2.6 billion41%
2003$2 billion36.6%
2004$4.1 billion39%
2005$3 billion36.1%
2006$4.9 billion38.6%
2007$6.9 billion37.5%
2008$8.5 billion38.1%
2009$5.5 billion38.5%
2010$6.1 billion37.8%
2011$7.8 billion38.5%
2012$7.5 billion38.8%
2013$9.2 billion38.5%
2014$9.3 billion40.4%
2015$8.5 billion39.5%
2016$9 billion40.8%
2017$10.6 billion41.2%
2018$12 billion41.3%
2019$12.7 billion41.8%
2020$12.2 billion42%
2021$15.7 billion40.8%
2022$18.4 billion41.2%
2023$19.2 billion42.8%
2024$27.3 billion57.2%

Partners whose trade crosses it

Estimated value of its trade with each partner that crosses the chokepoint; the percentage is the share of all its trade through the chokepoint, not of the pair’s trade.

  1. Serbia–Germany$7.9 billion · 28.8%
  2. Serbia–China$4.7 billion · 17.1%
  3. Serbia–Czechia$2.2 billion · 8.1%
  4. Serbia–Poland$2.2 billion · 8%
  5. Serbia–Russia$1.3 billion · 4.7%
  6. Serbia–Netherlands$1 billion · 3.8%
  7. Serbia–United States$873 million · 3.2%
  8. Serbia–Belgium$828 million · 3%
  9. Serbia–United Kingdom$697 million · 2.6%
  10. Serbia–Sweden$677 million · 2.5%

What crosses it

The products with the highest estimated value in 2024, with their share of the total through the chokepoint.

  1. Copper ore$1.6 billion · 5.9%
  2. Cables and wire$1.5 billion · 5.4%
  3. Auto parts$869 million · 3.2%
  4. Cars$779 million · 2.9%
  5. Electric motors and generators$691 million · 2.5%
  6. New tires$581 million · 2.1%
  7. Motor and generator parts$559 million · 2.1%
  8. Natural gas and LPG$549 million · 2%
  9. Crude petroleum$521 million · 1.9%
  10. Refined copper$474 million · 1.7%

Reference ports

Bar (100%)

Each port with the weight it receives from the country’s trade, based on where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest.

Other chokepoints it uses

Sources and method

Sources and licenses

Methodology

We estimate the value crossing each chokepoint from BACI trade that travels by sea according to our mode heuristic, split between each country’s ports by where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest, and routed over our own sea network. It is an estimate, not a count of ships. It covers 99.9% of seaborne trade. The approach follows Verschuur, Lumma and Hall (Nature Communications, 2025). Data up to 2024.

All maritime chokepoints