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How much of Denmark’s trade passes through the Strait of Gibraltar?

In 2024, an estimated $20.6 billion of Denmark’s trade passed through the Strait of Gibraltar, 14.7% of its seaborne trade. That is $10.2 billion of exports and $10.4 billion of imports. The partners with the most trade through it are Italy, Turkey and China.

Summary

Estimated value
$20.6billion
Of its seaborne trade
14.7%
Exports
$10.2billion
Imports
$10.4billion

Trend

Estimated value per year

Denmark’s estimated trade through the Strait of Gibraltar fell 41% between 2019 and 2024

Value in USD billions

  • Denmark 20.6

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearEstimated valueOf its seaborne trade
1995$12 billion24.2%
1996$11.9 billion23.1%
1997$11 billion22%
1998$12.3 billion23.4%
1999$12.9 billion24.2%
2000$13.2 billion24.3%
2001$13.4 billion24.2%
2002$14.1 billion23.5%
2003$17 billion24.4%
2004$20.7 billion25%
2005$22.9 billion24.7%
2006$24.5 billion24%
2007$27.8 billion24.4%
2008$31.3 billion24%
2009$25.9 billion26.5%
2010$27.2 billion26.5%
2011$31.3 billion26%
2012$30 billion26.6%
2013$31.2 billion26.5%
2014$34.1 billion28.8%
2015$30 billion29.6%
2016$29.2 billion28.8%
2017$33.1 billion29.9%
2018$36.4 billion29.4%
2019$34.9 billion29.5%
2020$32.5 billion28.8%
2021$43.4 billion30.9%
2022$42.3 billion29.3%
2023$40.1 billion28.3%
2024$20.6 billion14.7%

Partners whose trade crosses it

Estimated value of its trade with each partner that crosses the chokepoint; the percentage is the share of all its trade through the chokepoint, not of the pair’s trade.

  1. Denmark–Italy$5.6 billion · 27.2%
  2. Denmark–Turkey$2.2 billion · 10.8%
  3. Denmark–China$1.5 billion · 7.5%
  4. Denmark–Hungary$1.3 billion · 6.4%
  5. Denmark–Austria$1.3 billion · 6.4%
  6. Denmark–Saudi Arabia$794 million · 3.9%
  7. Denmark–Romania$718 million · 3.5%
  8. Denmark–Greece$638 million · 3.1%
  9. Denmark–Slovakia$616 million · 3%
  10. Denmark–Israel$480 million · 2.3%

What crosses it

The products with the highest estimated value in 2024, with their share of the total through the chokepoint.

  1. Pork$638 million · 3.1%
  2. Cheese$473 million · 2.3%
  3. Cars$430 million · 2.1%
  4. Cargo and cruise ships$415 million · 2%
  5. Medicines in measured doses or retail packs$407 million · 2%
  6. Valves and taps$380 million · 1.9%
  7. Ferrous scrap$368 million · 1.8%
  8. Refined petroleum$360 million · 1.8%
  9. Other food preparations$338 million · 1.6%
  10. Enzymes$331 million · 1.6%

Reference ports

Aarhus (100%)

Each port with the weight it receives from the country’s trade, based on where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest.

Other chokepoints it uses

Sources and method

Sources and licenses

Methodology

We estimate the value crossing each chokepoint from BACI trade that travels by sea according to our mode heuristic, split between each country’s ports by where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest, and routed over our own sea network. It is an estimate, not a count of ships. It covers 99.9% of seaborne trade. The approach follows Verschuur, Lumma and Hall (Nature Communications, 2025). Data up to 2024.

All maritime chokepoints