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How much of Croatia’s trade passes through the Strait of Gibraltar?

In 2024, an estimated $19 billion of Croatia’s trade passed through the Strait of Gibraltar, 44.9% of its seaborne trade. That is $5.9 billion of exports and $13.1 billion of imports. The partners with the most trade through it are Germany, Poland and the Netherlands.

Summary

Estimated value
$19billion
Of its seaborne trade
44.9%
Exports
$5.9billion
Imports
$13.1billion

Trend

Estimated value per year

Croatia’s estimated trade through the Strait of Gibraltar rose 74% between 2019 and 2024

Value in USD billions

  • Croatia 19

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearEstimated valueOf its seaborne trade
1995$3.5 billion43.7%
1996$3.5 billion41.7%
1997$3.8 billion41.5%
1998$3.9 billion43%
1999$3.8 billion42.4%
2000$3.7 billion39.6%
2001$4.1 billion39.2%
2002$4.3 billion38%
2003$4.9 billion35.6%
2004$6.2 billion36%
2005$6.9 billion35.9%
2006$8.3 billion35.9%
2007$9.6 billion35.4%
2008$11.1 billion35.8%
2009$7.9 billion35.5%
2010$8.1 billion35.1%
2011$9 billion36.8%
2012$8.2 billion36.9%
2013$8.2 billion39.3%
2014$8.8 billion39.9%
2015$8.1 billion38.7%
2016$8.5 billion38.9%
2017$9.9 billion39.2%
2018$10.9 billion38.8%
2019$10.9 billion39.1%
2020$10.4 billion40.9%
2021$13.5 billion39.5%
2022$17.4 billion39.6%
2023$16.6 billion40%
2024$19 billion44.9%

Partners whose trade crosses it

Estimated value of its trade with each partner that crosses the chokepoint; the percentage is the share of all its trade through the chokepoint, not of the pair’s trade.

  1. Croatia–Germany$7 billion · 36.7%
  2. Croatia–Poland$2.1 billion · 10.9%
  3. Croatia–Netherlands$1.5 billion · 8.1%
  4. Croatia–United States$1.4 billion · 7.1%
  5. Croatia–Czechia$1.2 billion · 6.4%
  6. Croatia–China$1.2 billion · 6.1%
  7. Croatia–Belgium$721 million · 3.8%
  8. Croatia–Sweden$409 million · 2.2%
  9. Croatia–Switzerland$341 million · 1.8%
  10. Croatia–Denmark$323 million · 1.7%

What crosses it

The products with the highest estimated value in 2024, with their share of the total through the chokepoint.

  1. Cars$1.2 billion · 6.1%
  2. Natural gas and LPG$809 million · 4.3%
  3. Transformers and power supplies$681 million · 3.6%
  4. Chocolate$346 million · 1.8%
  5. Cables and wire$326 million · 1.7%
  6. Crude petroleum$315 million · 1.7%
  7. Auto parts$307 million · 1.6%
  8. Dredgers and floating cranes$240 million · 1.3%
  9. Bread, biscuits and pastries$238 million · 1.3%
  10. Coal$223 million · 1.2%

Reference ports

Rijeka (100%)

Each port with the weight it receives from the country’s trade, based on where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest.

Other chokepoints it uses

Sources and method

Sources and licenses

Methodology

We estimate the value crossing each chokepoint from BACI trade that travels by sea according to our mode heuristic, split between each country’s ports by where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest, and routed over our own sea network. It is an estimate, not a count of ships. It covers 99.9% of seaborne trade. The approach follows Verschuur, Lumma and Hall (Nature Communications, 2025). Data up to 2024.

All maritime chokepoints