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How much of Croatia’s trade passes through the Turkish Straits?

In 2024, an estimated $3.7 billion of Croatia’s trade passed through the Turkish Straits, 8.8% of its seaborne trade. That is $694 million of exports and $3 billion of imports. The partners with the most trade through it are Azerbaijan, Romania and Turkey.

Summary

Estimated value
$3.7billion
Of its seaborne trade
8.8%
Exports
$694million
Imports
$3billion

Trend

Estimated value per year

Croatia’s estimated trade through the Turkish Straits rose 102% between 2019 and 2024

Value in USD billions

  • Croatia 3.7

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearEstimated valueOf its seaborne trade
1995$206 million2.5%
1996$229 million2.7%
1997$324 million3.6%
1998$273 million3%
1999$338 million3.8%
2000$350 million3.8%
2001$371 million3.6%
2002$425 million3.7%
2003$692 million5%
2004$1.2 billion6.8%
2005$1.6 billion8.5%
2006$1.7 billion7.5%
2007$2.1 billion7.7%
2008$2.6 billion8.3%
2009$1.8 billion7.9%
2010$2 billion8.7%
2011$1.8 billion7.5%
2012$2 billion9%
2013$1.9 billion9.1%
2014$1.6 billion7.5%
2015$1.5 billion7.1%
2016$1.4 billion6.3%
2017$1.6 billion6.2%
2018$1.9 billion6.9%
2019$1.9 billion6.7%
2020$2.1 billion8.3%
2021$3.1 billion8.9%
2022$3.7 billion8.4%
2023$3 billion7.2%
2024$3.7 billion8.8%

Partners whose trade crosses it

Estimated value of its trade with each partner that crosses the chokepoint; the percentage is the share of all its trade through the chokepoint, not of the pair’s trade.

  1. Croatia–Azerbaijan$986 million · 26.4%
  2. Croatia–Romania$807 million · 21.6%
  3. Croatia–Turkey$714 million · 19.1%
  4. Croatia–Bulgaria$651 million · 17.4%
  5. Croatia–Kazakhstan$358 million · 9.6%
  6. Croatia–Ukraine$124 million · 3.3%
  7. Croatia–Russia$68 million · 1.8%
  8. Croatia–Moldova$24 million · 0.65%
  9. Croatia–Kyrgyzstan$5 million · 0.15%
  10. Croatia–Tajikistan$2 million · 0.06%

What crosses it

The products with the highest estimated value in 2024, with their share of the total through the chokepoint.

  1. Crude petroleum$1.3 billion · 34.2%
  2. Refined petroleum$300 million · 8%
  3. Cars$118 million · 3.2%
  4. Refined copper$111 million · 3%
  5. Ferrous scrap$66 million · 1.8%
  6. Cigarettes and cigars$54 million · 1.4%
  7. Live cattle$46 million · 1.2%
  8. Steel structures$38 million · 1%
  9. Furniture$35 million · 0.93%
  10. Auto parts$34 million · 0.9%

Reference ports

Rijeka (100%)

Each port with the weight it receives from the country’s trade, based on where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest.

Other chokepoints it uses

Sources and method

Sources and licenses

Methodology

We estimate the value crossing each chokepoint from BACI trade that travels by sea according to our mode heuristic, split between each country’s ports by where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest, and routed over our own sea network. It is an estimate, not a count of ships. It covers 99.9% of seaborne trade. The approach follows Verschuur, Lumma and Hall (Nature Communications, 2025). Data up to 2024.

The Bosporus and the Dardanelles are counted together: they are the two gates between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean.

All maritime chokepoints