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How much of Romania’s trade passes through the Øresund?

In 2024, an estimated $12.4 billion of Romania’s trade passed through the Øresund, 7.5% of its seaborne trade. That is $3.7 billion of exports and $8.8 billion of imports. The partners with the most trade through it are Poland, Sweden and Finland.

Summary

Estimated value
$12.4billion
Of its seaborne trade
7.5%
Exports
$3.7billion
Imports
$8.8billion

Trend

Estimated value per year

Romania’s estimated trade through the Øresund rose 25% between 2019 and 2024

Value in USD billions

  • Romania 12.4

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearEstimated valueOf its seaborne trade
1995$600 million4%
1996$713 million4.5%
1997$759 million4.8%
1998$720 million4.4%
1999$646 million4.2%
2000$826 million4.3%
2001$930 million4.1%
2002$1.1 billion4%
2003$1.6 billion4.7%
2004$2.2 billion5.1%
2005$3.1 billion5.6%
2006$3.9 billion6%
2007$5.3 billion6.6%
2008$6.1 billion6.7%
2009$3.8 billion6%
2010$4.7 billion6.2%
2011$5.9 billion6.4%
2012$5.9 billion6.8%
2013$6.6 billion7%
2014$7.2 billion7.1%
2015$6.2 billion6.6%
2016$6.8 billion6.9%
2017$8.3 billion7.4%
2018$10.1 billion7.8%
2019$10 billion8%
2020$9.1 billion8.1%
2021$12.6 billion8.9%
2022$13.5 billion8.3%
2023$11.7 billion7%
2024$12.4 billion7.5%

Partners whose trade crosses it

Estimated value of its trade with each partner that crosses the chokepoint; the percentage is the share of all its trade through the chokepoint, not of the pair’s trade.

  1. Romania–Poland$10.7 billion · 85.9%
  2. Romania–Sweden$516 million · 4.2%
  3. Romania–Finland$483 million · 3.9%
  4. Romania–Lithuania$355 million · 2.9%
  5. Romania–Estonia$145 million · 1.2%
  6. Romania–Latvia$125 million · 1%
  7. Romania–Russia$97 million · 0.78%
  8. Romania–Belarus$34 million · 0.27%

What crosses it

The products with the highest estimated value in 2024, with their share of the total through the chokepoint.

  1. Auto parts$886 million · 7.1%
  2. Cars$409 million · 3.3%
  3. New tires$290 million · 2.3%
  4. Cables and wire$238 million · 1.9%
  5. Electric heaters and hair dryers$228 million · 1.8%
  6. Furniture$215 million · 1.7%
  7. Seats and chairs$176 million · 1.4%
  8. Bread, biscuits and pastries$164 million · 1.3%
  9. Monitors and projectors$155 million · 1.3%
  10. Trucks$129 million · 1%

Reference ports

Constanța (100%)

Each port with the weight it receives from the country’s trade, based on where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest.

Other chokepoints it uses

Sources and method

Sources and licenses

Methodology

We estimate the value crossing each chokepoint from BACI trade that travels by sea according to our mode heuristic, split between each country’s ports by where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest, and routed over our own sea network. It is an estimate, not a count of ships. It covers 99.9% of seaborne trade. The approach follows Verschuur, Lumma and Hall (Nature Communications, 2025). Data up to 2024.

The Great Belt is not included in the estimate: only the trade that crosses the Øresund is counted.

All maritime chokepoints