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Cuba trade in 2024

In 2024, Cuba exported $992 million and imported $3.7 billion, a trade deficit of $2.7 billion. It was the world's 158th-largest exporter, with 0% of world exports. Its top export was cigarettes and cigars (42.2% of the total) and its main trading partner was Spain (20% of its trade).

Summary

Exports
$992million
Imports
$3.7billion
Trade balance
-$2.7billion
Routes to the main partners. Width: trade value; color: estimated transport mode.SeaAirLand
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Products

What it exports

Cigarettes and cigars (42.2%) and zinc ore (10.8%) together make up 53% of its exports.

  1. Cigarettes and cigars$418 million · 42.2%
    Main partner: Macao
  2. Zinc ore$107 million · 10.8%
    Main partner: China
  3. Nickel matte$89 million · 8.9%
    Main partner: China
  4. Spirits$75 million · 7.6%
    Main partner: Spain
  5. Precious metal ore$55 million · 5.5%
    Main partner: China
  6. Wood charcoal$48 million · 4.9%
    Main partner: Portugal
  7. Crustaceans (shrimp, lobster, crab)$43 million · 4.4%
    Main partner: China
  8. Copper scrap$24 million · 2.4%
    Main partner: Spain
  9. Aluminum scrap$13 million · 1.4%
    Main partner: Spain
  10. Natural honey$13 million · 1.3%
    Main partner: Germany

What it imports

Poultry meat (9.9%) and beer (3.7%) together make up 13.6% of its imports.

  1. Poultry meat$369 million · 9.9%
    Main partner: United States
  2. Beer$138 million · 3.7%
    Main partner: Spain
  3. Cars$111 million · 3%
    Main partner: United States
  4. Rice$104 million · 2.8%
    Main partner: Guyana
  5. Refined petroleum$69 million · 1.8%
    Main partner: Italy
  6. Soft drinks$63 million · 1.7%
    Main partner: Spain
  7. Powdered and condensed milk$61 million · 1.6%
    Main partner: Brazil
  8. Wheat$60 million · 1.6%
    Main partner: Canada
  9. Pork$60 million · 1.6%
    Main partner: United States
  10. Wheat flour$58 million · 1.6%
    Main partner: Turkey
By Harmonized System chapter (95)
ChapterExportsImports
24 · Tobacco$428 million$10 million
26 · Ores and slag$162 million$303 thousand
75 · Nickel$97 million$4 million
22 · Beverages and spirits$75 million$241 million
03 · Fish and seafood$55 million$12 million
44 · Wood$49 million$18 million
74 · Copper$24 million$8 million
30 · Pharmaceuticals$14 million$69 million
76 · Aluminum$14 million$32 million
04 · Dairy, eggs and honey$14 million$149 million
27 · Oil, gas and coal$10 million$74 million
97 · Art and antiques$8 million$76 thousand
18 · Cocoa and chocolate$6 million$8 million
09 · Coffee, tea and spices$5 million$28 million
72 · Iron and steel$4 million$36 million
28 · Inorganic chemicals$3 million$19 million
25 · Salt, stone and cement$3 million$15 million
71 · Gems and precious metals$3 million$263 thousand
21 · Food preparations$2 million$59 million
15 · Fats and oils$2 million$88 million
84 · Mechanical machinery$2 million$429 million
85 · Electrical and electronic equipment$919 thousand$345 million
16 · Prepared meat and fish$804 thousand$97 million
87 · Vehicles$745 thousand$213 million
20 · Preserved fruit and vegetables$738 thousand$45 million
78 · Lead$570 thousand$551 thousand
41 · Hides and leather$552 thousand$550 thousand
90 · Precision and medical instruments$435 thousand$68 million
38 · Miscellaneous chemicals$409 thousand$45 million
63 · Home textiles and used clothing$340 thousand$16 million
73 · Iron and steel products$334 thousand$85 million
13 · Gums and plant extracts$311 thousand$713 thousand
07 · Vegetables$295 thousand$44 million
17 · Sugar and sweets$289 thousand$58 million
39 · Plastics$274 thousand$125 million
05 · Other animal products$250 thousand$1 million
62 · Woven clothing$228 thousand$8 million
33 · Perfumes and cosmetics$203 thousand$20 million
82 · Tools and cutlery$178 thousand$16 million
40 · Rubber$170 thousand$28 million
61 · Knitted clothing$133 thousand$7 million
49 · Books and printed matter$132 thousand$17 million
08 · Fruit and nuts$120 thousand$4 million
94 · Furniture and lighting$109 thousand$31 million
01 · Live animals$108 thousand$3 thousand
47 · Wood pulp$97 thousand$2 million
36 · Explosives and matches$84 thousand$1 million
91 · Watches and clocks$80 thousand$2 million
31 · Fertilizers$73 thousand$12 million
34 · Soap and cleaning products$70 thousand$55 million
70 · Glass$67 thousand$17 million
02 · Meat and offal$64 thousand$458 million
42 · Leather goods and bags$57 thousand$3 million
95 · Toys and sports gear$50 thousand$4 million
10 · Cereals$38 thousand$173 million
64 · Footwear$37 thousand$12 million
88 · Aircraft and spacecraft$36 thousand$1 million
69 · Ceramics$34 thousand$21 million
48 · Paper and paperboard$20 thousand$56 million
79 · Zinc$18 thousand$125 thousand
19 · Baked goods and cereal products$14 thousand$92 million
92 · Musical instruments$12 thousand$68 thousand
58 · Special fabrics and lace$12 thousand$949 thousand
96 · Other manufactured goods$11 thousand$8 million
56 · Felt, nonwovens and rope$10 thousand$5 million
59 · Coated and technical textiles$6 thousand$4 million
86 · Railway equipment$4 thousand$3 million
68 · Stone, plaster and cement articles$3 thousand$13 million
12 · Oilseeds and grains$3 thousand$5 million
37 · Photographic goods$3 thousand$2 million
29 · Organic chemicals$2 thousand$16 million
83 · Miscellaneous metal goods$2 thousand$18 million
57 · Carpets and rugs$2 thousand$485 thousand
32 · Dyes, paints and tanning agents$1 thousand$38 million
54 · Synthetic filaments$376$8 million
60 · Knitted fabric$314$2 million
65 · Hats$223$1 million
35 · Glues, starches and enzymes$158$5 million
46 · Wicker and basketware$128$5 thousand
89 · Ships and boats$37$2 million
23 · Animal feed and food waste$30$38 million
67 · Feathers and artificial flowers$20$541 thousand
06 · Live plants and flowers$16$571 thousand
66 · Umbrellas and canes$15$845 thousand
11 · Milling products and malt$0$68 million
55 · Synthetic staple fibers$0$10 million
52 · Cotton$0$2 million
81 · Other base metals$0$1 million
45 · Cork$0$380 thousand
53 · Other plant fibers$0$264 thousand
43 · Fur and fur goods$0$182 thousand
80 · Tin$0$169 thousand
14 · Other plant products$0$42 thousand
51 · Wool$0$101
93 · Weapons and ammunition$0$60

Trading partners

Its main destination is China (27.3% of exports) and its main source is Spain (22.4% of imports).

Who it sells to

PartnerValue (USD millions)ShareMode
China27027.3%Sea
Spain10911%Sea
Germany68.26.9%Air
Macao57.15.8%Air
Switzerland49.95%Air
Hong Kong48.24.9%Air
Cyprus45.64.6%Air
Netherlands393.9%Sea
Belgium25.72.6%Air
United Kingdom20.82.1%Air

Who it buys from

PartnerValue (USD millions)ShareMode
Spain83522.4%Sea
China64417.2%Sea
United States51913.9%Sea
Brazil2777.4%Sea
Italy2015.4%Sea
Canada1945.2%Sea
Netherlands1453.9%Sea
Turkey1233.3%Sea
Germany1102.9%Sea
Dominican Republic81.22.2%Sea

Overview 1995–2024

In 2024, Cuba accounted for 0% of world exports, compared with 0.02% in 1995.

Exports and imports

Exports fell 16% since 1995

USD billions (current). Bars: trade balance (green surplus, red deficit).

  • Exports 1
  • Imports 3.7
  • Balance -2.7

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearExportsImportsTrade balance
1995$1.2 billion$2.1 billion-$925 million
1996$1.8 billion$2.7 billion-$935 million
1997$1.7 billion$2.5 billion-$775 million
1998$1.4 billion$2.7 billion-$1.3 billion
1999$1.9 billion$4.5 billion-$2.6 billion
2000$2 billion$4.9 billion-$2.8 billion
2001$2 billion$4.8 billion-$2.8 billion
2002$1.9 billion$4.2 billion-$2.3 billion
2003$2.1 billion$4.8 billion-$2.6 billion
2004$2.6 billion$5.8 billion-$3.2 billion
2005$2.6 billion$8.1 billion-$5.4 billion
2006$1.8 billion$7.5 billion-$5.7 billion
2007$2.3 billion$6.5 billion-$4.2 billion
2008$2.2 billion$8.6 billion-$6.4 billion
2009$1.8 billion$5 billion-$3.2 billion
2010$2.1 billion$5.7 billion-$3.6 billion
2011$2.9 billion$6.3 billion-$3.4 billion
2012$2.4 billion$6.6 billion-$4.2 billion
2013$2.5 billion$7.3 billion-$4.8 billion
2014$1.7 billion$6.1 billion-$4.3 billion
2015$1.5 billion$7 billion-$5.6 billion
2016$2.3 billion$10.4 billion-$8.1 billion
2017$1.8 billion$10.5 billion-$8.7 billion
2018$1.6 billion$11.7 billion-$10.1 billion
2019$2.3 billion$9.9 billion-$7.6 billion
2020$2.1 billion$7.3 billion-$5.2 billion
2021$2.3 billion$8.4 billion-$6.1 billion
2022$1.4 billion$6.3 billion-$4.9 billion
2023$1.1 billion$4 billion-$2.9 billion
2024$992 million$3.7 billion-$2.7 billion

World rank

Cuba fell from 110th to 158th among the world's exporters

Rank among 222 countries by export value (1st at the top).

  • 110th in 1995
  • 158th in 2024

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearRank
1995110th
1996101st
1997104th
1998109th
199998th
2000106th
2001109th
2002110th
2003113th
2004110th
2005117th
2006129th
2007127th
2008136th
2009134th
2010132nd
2011133rd
2012137th
2013140th
2014147th
2015148th
2016135th
2017143rd
2018147th
2019139th
2020139th
2021144th
2022156th
2023162nd
2024158th

What it sells

Tobacco became its top export group: from 8% to 43%

% of exports by Harmonized System chapter.

  • Other 9%
  • Pharmaceuticals 1%
  • Copper 2%
  • Wood 5%
  • Fish and seafood 6%
  • Beverages and spirits 8%
  • Nickel 10%
  • Ores and slag 16%
  • Tobacco 43%

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
Chapter19952024
Tobacco7.9%43.2%
Ores and slag0.53%16.4%
Nickel17.8%9.8%
Beverages and spirits0.76%7.6%
Fish and seafood7.2%5.5%
Wood0.02%5%
Copper0.62%2.5%
Pharmaceuticals3.1%1.4%
Other62.1%8.7%

Who it trades with

The United States went from 0% to 11% of Cuba's trade

% of total trade (exports + imports) with each partner.

  • Spain 20%
  • China 19%
  • United States 11%
  • Brazil 6%
  • Italy 5%

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
Partner19952024
Spain15%20%
China11%19.3%
United States0.03%11.1%
Brazil2.5%5.9%
Italy4.1%4.6%

Production hubs

Largest industrial emission sources (Climate TRACE, 2025)

No hubs above the globe threshold.

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Largest economic production hubs (gridded GDP, 2024)

  • Havana$130.6 billion (PPP, 2021 dollars)
  • Holguín$14.8 billion (PPP, 2021 dollars)
  • Santa Clara$14.1 billion (PPP, 2021 dollars)
View on the globe

Sources and methodology

Sources and licenses

Methodology

Goods trade from CEPII BACI (BACI_HS92_V202601), in current US dollars, with exports and imports reconciled between countries. The transport mode is our own estimate based on value per kilo and geography. Ranks are computed among the countries with data each year. Services are not included. Data up to 2024.

Neighboring countries

  • Guantanamo Bay Naval Base (no page)

Main partners

See all countries