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How much of Finland’s trade passes through the Strait of Gibraltar?

In 2024, an estimated $14 billion of Finland’s trade passed through the Strait of Gibraltar, 13.7% of its seaborne trade. That is $7.8 billion of exports and $6.3 billion of imports. The partners with the most trade through it are Italy, Turkey and China.

Summary

Estimated value
$14billion
Of its seaborne trade
13.7%
Exports
$7.8billion
Imports
$6.3billion

Trend

Estimated value per year

Finland’s estimated trade through the Strait of Gibraltar fell 33% between 2019 and 2024

Value in USD billions

  • Finland 14

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearEstimated valueOf its seaborne trade
1995$9.9 billion24.1%
1996$10.8 billion25.6%
1997$11.2 billion26.1%
1998$10.7 billion24.5%
1999$10 billion23.9%
2000$11.2 billion24.9%
2001$11.3 billion24.9%
2002$11.6 billion24.9%
2003$14.8 billion26.8%
2004$17.3 billion26.9%
2005$18.8 billion27.3%
2006$22 billion26.5%
2007$26.2 billion27.2%
2008$29.6 billion28.1%
2009$19.7 billion27.9%
2010$23.5 billion28.6%
2011$24.1 billion26.6%
2012$24.6 billion28.8%
2013$26.2 billion29.1%
2014$25.2 billion27.4%
2015$21.2 billion26.6%
2016$21.1 billion26.9%
2017$24 billion27.6%
2018$26.3 billion27.4%
2019$20.9 billion25%
2020$24.6 billion28.3%
2021$31.6 billion29.5%
2022$35.3 billion29%
2023$30.1 billion27.1%
2024$14 billion13.7%

Partners whose trade crosses it

Estimated value of its trade with each partner that crosses the chokepoint; the percentage is the share of all its trade through the chokepoint, not of the pair’s trade.

  1. Finland–Italy$3.8 billion · 27.1%
  2. Finland–Turkey$1.8 billion · 13.2%
  3. Finland–China$1.2 billion · 8.9%
  4. Finland–Austria$966 million · 6.9%
  5. Finland–Hungary$593 million · 4.2%
  6. Finland–Egypt$564 million · 4%
  7. Finland–Slovakia$495 million · 3.5%
  8. Finland–Romania$483 million · 3.4%
  9. Finland–Saudi Arabia$428 million · 3%
  10. Finland–Greece$305 million · 2.2%

What crosses it

The products with the highest estimated value in 2024, with their share of the total through the chokepoint.

  1. Sawn wood$744 million · 5.3%
  2. Chemical wood pulp$637 million · 4.5%
  3. Coated paper$594 million · 4.2%
  4. Stainless steel sheet$460 million · 3.3%
  5. Cars$404 million · 2.9%
  6. Kraft paper and paperboard$268 million · 1.9%
  7. Refined petroleum$248 million · 1.8%
  8. Treated paper and cellulose wadding$217 million · 1.6%
  9. Auto parts$212 million · 1.5%
  10. Parts for cranes and excavators$198 million · 1.4%

Reference ports

Helsinki (100%)

Each port with the weight it receives from the country’s trade, based on where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest.

Other chokepoints it uses

Sources and method

Sources and licenses

Methodology

We estimate the value crossing each chokepoint from BACI trade that travels by sea according to our mode heuristic, split between each country’s ports by where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest, and routed over our own sea network. It is an estimate, not a count of ships. It covers 99.9% of seaborne trade. The approach follows Verschuur, Lumma and Hall (Nature Communications, 2025). Data up to 2024.

All maritime chokepoints