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How much of Peru’s trade passes through the Panama Canal?

In 2024, an estimated $30.5 billion of Peru’s trade passed through the Panama Canal, 31.3% of its seaborne trade. That is $17.7 billion of exports and $12.8 billion of imports. The partners with the most trade through it are the United States, Spain and the Netherlands.

Summary

Estimated value
$30.5billion
Of its seaborne trade
31.3%
Exports
$17.7billion
Imports
$12.8billion

Trend

Estimated value per year

Peru’s estimated trade through the Panama Canal rose 27% between 2019 and 2024

Value in USD billions

  • Peru 30.5

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearEstimated valueOf its seaborne trade
1995$5.5 billion56.1%
1996$6 billion57.3%
1997$6.4 billion55.8%
1998$5.8 billion57.8%
1999$5.5 billion57.8%
2000$5.7 billion54.9%
2001$5.3 billion52.8%
2002$5.6 billion52%
2003$6 billion51.9%
2004$8 billion52.5%
2005$10.5 billion53%
2006$13.5 billion52%
2007$16.4 billion49.7%
2008$19.9 billion48.1%
2009$14.7 billion45.4%
2010$23.2 billion45.2%
2011$25.6 billion45.2%
2012$32.7 billion43.7%
2013$31.4 billion42.9%
2014$25.5 billion44.5%
2015$25.5 billion41.7%
2016$20.7 billion39.8%
2017$23.5 billion37.9%
2018$25 billion37.2%
2019$24.1 billion35.6%
2020$20.1 billion34.8%
2021$28.1 billion34.2%
2022$33.8 billion36.3%
2023$30.3 billion33.5%
2024$30.5 billion31.3%

Partners whose trade crosses it

Estimated value of its trade with each partner that crosses the chokepoint; the percentage is the share of all its trade through the chokepoint, not of the pair’s trade.

  1. Peru–United States$11.6 billion · 38%
  2. Peru–Spain$2.9 billion · 9.3%
  3. Peru–Netherlands$2.3 billion · 7.7%
  4. Peru–Germany$1.8 billion · 5.9%
  5. Peru–Canada$1.4 billion · 4.6%
  6. Peru–Italy$1.3 billion · 4.2%
  7. Peru–United Kingdom$904 million · 3%
  8. Peru–France$770 million · 2.5%
  9. Peru–Nigeria$677 million · 2.2%
  10. Peru–Belgium$635 million · 2.1%

What crosses it

The products with the highest estimated value in 2024, with their share of the total through the chokepoint.

  1. Refined petroleum$3.5 billion · 11.3%
  2. Copper ore$1.9 billion · 6.2%
  3. Other fresh fruit (berries, kiwi)$1.8 billion · 5.8%
  4. Avocados, mangoes, pineapples and dates$1.6 billion · 5.2%
  5. Crude petroleum$1.5 billion · 4.8%
  6. Grapes$1 billion · 3.4%
  7. Natural gas and LPG$908 million · 3%
  8. Coffee$839 million · 2.8%
  9. Refined copper$837 million · 2.7%
  10. Zinc ore$665 million · 2.2%

If it closes

  • Peru–United States: +6,682 nautical miles, ≈ 20 days more at 14 knots, via the Cape Horn

Estimated sailing detour, without costs, waiting or port capacity.

Reference ports

Callao (100%)

Each port with the weight it receives from the country’s trade, based on where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest.

Other chokepoints it uses

Sources and method

Sources and licenses

Methodology

We estimate the value crossing each chokepoint from BACI trade that travels by sea according to our mode heuristic, split between each country’s ports by where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest, and routed over our own sea network. It is an estimate, not a count of ships. It covers 99.9% of seaborne trade. The approach follows Verschuur, Lumma and Hall (Nature Communications, 2025). Data up to 2024.

All maritime chokepoints