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How much of Bulgaria’s trade passes through the Øresund?

In 2024, an estimated $3.5 billion of Bulgaria’s trade passed through the Øresund, 5.4% of its seaborne trade. That is $1.5 billion of exports and $2 billion of imports. The partners with the most trade through it are Poland, Sweden and Finland.

Summary

Estimated value
$3.5billion
Of its seaborne trade
5.4%
Exports
$1.5billion
Imports
$2billion

Trend

Estimated value per year

Bulgaria’s estimated trade through the Øresund fell 3% between 2019 and 2024

Value in USD billions

  • Bulgaria 3.5

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearEstimated valueOf its seaborne trade
1995$151 million2.8%
1996$920 million11.1%
1997$884 million10.2%
1998$611 million7.7%
1999$557 million7.4%
2000$329 million4.3%
2001$317 million5.3%
2002$365 million3.8%
2003$491 million4%
2004$827 million5%
2005$1.2 billion5.7%
2006$1.9 billion7.1%
2007$2.9 billion8.8%
2008$3.7 billion9.4%
2009$2.2 billion8.1%
2010$2.5 billion7.9%
2011$3.3 billion7.9%
2012$3.7 billion8.8%
2013$3.8 billion8.9%
2014$3.6 billion8.2%
2015$3 billion7.9%
2016$2.9 billion7.6%
2017$3.4 billion7.7%
2018$3.6 billion7.8%
2019$3.6 billion7.5%
2020$3.2 billion7.2%
2021$4.1 billion7.4%
2022$5.5 billion7.8%
2023$4.8 billion7.6%
2024$3.5 billion5.4%

Partners whose trade crosses it

Estimated value of its trade with each partner that crosses the chokepoint; the percentage is the share of all its trade through the chokepoint, not of the pair’s trade.

  1. Bulgaria–Poland$2.5 billion · 71.2%
  2. Bulgaria–Sweden$219 million · 6.3%
  3. Bulgaria–Finland$205 million · 5.9%
  4. Bulgaria–Russia$199 million · 5.7%
  5. Bulgaria–Lithuania$190 million · 5.5%
  6. Bulgaria–Latvia$71 million · 2%
  7. Bulgaria–Belarus$66 million · 1.9%
  8. Bulgaria–Estonia$53 million · 1.5%

What crosses it

The products with the highest estimated value in 2024, with their share of the total through the chokepoint.

  1. Medicines in measured doses or retail packs$100 million · 2.9%
  2. Bread, biscuits and pastries$92 million · 2.6%
  3. Copper bars and profiles$81 million · 2.3%
  4. Chocolate$78 million · 2.3%
  5. Furniture$67 million · 1.9%
  6. Auto parts$66 million · 1.9%
  7. Cigarettes and cigars$66 million · 1.9%
  8. Industrial fatty acids and oils$64 million · 1.9%
  9. Parts for switchgear$61 million · 1.8%
  10. Valves and taps$57 million · 1.7%

Reference ports

Varna (100%)

Each port with the weight it receives from the country’s trade, based on where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest.

Other chokepoints it uses

Sources and method

Sources and licenses

Methodology

We estimate the value crossing each chokepoint from BACI trade that travels by sea according to our mode heuristic, split between each country’s ports by where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest, and routed over our own sea network. It is an estimate, not a count of ships. It covers 99.9% of seaborne trade. The approach follows Verschuur, Lumma and Hall (Nature Communications, 2025). Data up to 2024.

The Great Belt is not included in the estimate: only the trade that crosses the Øresund is counted.

All maritime chokepoints