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Eswatini trade in 2024

In 2024, Eswatini exported $2.2 billion and imported $2.1 billion, a trade surplus of $50 million. It was the world's 140th-largest exporter, with 0.01% of world exports. Its top export was fragrance mixtures (28.9% of the total) and its main trading partner was South Africa (73.8% of its trade).

Summary

Exports
$2.2billion
Imports
$2.1billion
Trade balance
+$50million
Routes to the main partners. Width: trade value; color: estimated transport mode.SeaAirLand
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Products

What it exports

Fragrance mixtures (28.9%) and cane and beet sugar (15.7%) together make up 44.6% of its exports.

  1. Fragrance mixtures$631 million · 28.9%
    Main partner: South Africa
  2. Cane and beet sugar$342 million · 15.7%
    Main partner: South Africa
  3. Industrial fatty acids and oils$270 million · 12.4%
    Main partner: South Africa
  4. Coal$88 million · 4%
    Main partner: South Africa
  5. Sawn wood$82 million · 3.8%
    Main partner: South Africa
  6. Women's suits and dresses$64 million · 2.9%
    Main partner: South Africa
  7. Men's suits and trousers$62 million · 2.8%
    Main partner: South Africa
  8. Other sugars$47 million · 2.2%
    Main partner: South Africa
  9. Candy and sweets$43 million · 2%
    Main partner: South Africa
  10. Pasta$40 million · 1.8%
    Main partner: South Africa

What it imports

Refined petroleum (11.2%) and crude petroleum (8.1%) together make up 19.2% of its imports.

  1. Refined petroleum$238 million · 11.2%
    Main partner: South Africa
  2. Crude petroleum$172 million · 8.1%
    Main partner: Guyana
  3. Electricity$90 million · 4.2%
    Main partner: South Africa
  4. Trucks$49 million · 2.3%
    Main partner: South Africa
  5. Corn$45 million · 2.1%
    Main partner: South Africa
  6. Rice$28 million · 1.3%
    Main partner: South Africa
  7. Cars$24 million · 1.1%
    Main partner: South Africa
  8. Furniture$23 million · 1.1%
    Main partner: Italy
  9. Cement$23 million · 1.1%
    Main partner: South Africa
  10. Medicines in measured doses or retail packs$22 million · 1%
    Main partner: South Africa
By Harmonized System chapter (96)
ChapterExportsImports
33 · Perfumes and cosmetics$634 million$45 million
17 · Sugar and sweets$432 million$22 million
38 · Miscellaneous chemicals$272 million$23 million
62 · Woven clothing$156 million$21 million
44 · Wood$142 million$23 million
27 · Oil, gas and coal$98 million$519 million
61 · Knitted clothing$51 million$21 million
19 · Baked goods and cereal products$45 million$32 million
20 · Preserved fruit and vegetables$39 million$23 million
84 · Mechanical machinery$38 million$120 million
22 · Beverages and spirits$23 million$59 million
48 · Paper and paperboard$20 million$57 million
23 · Animal feed and food waste$20 million$28 million
29 · Organic chemicals$20 million$33 million
21 · Food preparations$19 million$23 million
08 · Fruit and nuts$19 million$8 million
63 · Home textiles and used clothing$19 million$8 million
85 · Electrical and electronic equipment$15 million$87 million
96 · Other manufactured goods$10 million$10 million
90 · Precision and medical instruments$10 million$18 million
39 · Plastics$9 million$92 million
72 · Iron and steel$9 million$38 million
60 · Knitted fabric$8 million$13 million
91 · Watches and clocks$5 million$578 thousand
49 · Books and printed matter$5 million$13 million
02 · Meat and offal$5 million$6 million
71 · Gems and precious metals$5 million$10 million
28 · Inorganic chemicals$5 million$13 million
18 · Cocoa and chocolate$4 million$6 million
35 · Glues, starches and enzymes$4 million$5 million
67 · Feathers and artificial flowers$3 million$2 million
74 · Copper$3 million$7 million
54 · Synthetic filaments$3 million$10 million
58 · Special fabrics and lace$3 million$5 million
32 · Dyes, paints and tanning agents$2 million$15 million
31 · Fertilizers$2 million$30 million
24 · Tobacco$2 million$7 million
01 · Live animals$2 million$748 thousand
30 · Pharmaceuticals$2 million$29 million
04 · Dairy, eggs and honey$2 million$30 million
11 · Milling products and malt$2 million$7 million
59 · Coated and technical textiles$1 million$3 million
73 · Iron and steel products$1 million$50 million
82 · Tools and cutlery$1 million$7 million
70 · Glass$1 million$7 million
76 · Aluminum$916 thousand$19 million
40 · Rubber$816 thousand$26 million
87 · Vehicles$814 thousand$121 million
14 · Other plant products$785 thousand$1 thousand
88 · Aircraft and spacecraft$711 thousand$2 million
68 · Stone, plaster and cement articles$662 thousand$6 million
15 · Fats and oils$639 thousand$19 million
52 · Cotton$584 thousand$28 million
47 · Wood pulp$494 thousand$1 million
64 · Footwear$440 thousand$18 million
13 · Gums and plant extracts$439 thousand$7 million
55 · Synthetic staple fibers$378 thousand$13 million
07 · Vegetables$373 thousand$17 million
94 · Furniture and lighting$370 thousand$36 million
34 · Soap and cleaning products$367 thousand$25 million
83 · Miscellaneous metal goods$340 thousand$9 million
12 · Oilseeds and grains$301 thousand$8 million
56 · Felt, nonwovens and rope$251 thousand$2 million
46 · Wicker and basketware$209 thousand$37 thousand
69 · Ceramics$197 thousand$9 million
26 · Ores and slag$157 thousand$561 thousand
78 · Lead$145 thousand$30 thousand
57 · Carpets and rugs$120 thousand$827 thousand
41 · Hides and leather$113 thousand$9 thousand
42 · Leather goods and bags$113 thousand$4 million
86 · Railway equipment$108 thousand$3 million
65 · Hats$105 thousand$1 million
45 · Cork$73 thousand$9 thousand
95 · Toys and sports gear$65 thousand$2 million
37 · Photographic goods$52 thousand$542 thousand
97 · Art and antiques$52 thousand$1 million
25 · Salt, stone and cement$51 thousand$27 million
10 · Cereals$42 thousand$95 million
51 · Wool$42 thousand$931 thousand
09 · Coffee, tea and spices$22 thousand$19 million
93 · Weapons and ammunition$19 thousand$5 thousand
16 · Prepared meat and fish$18 thousand$11 million
75 · Nickel$16 thousand$31 thousand
89 · Ships and boats$9 thousand$793 thousand
79 · Zinc$8 thousand$19 thousand
06 · Live plants and flowers$6 thousand$2 million
92 · Musical instruments$6 thousand$252 thousand
81 · Other base metals$5 thousand$37 thousand
03 · Fish and seafood$3 thousand$3 million
43 · Fur and fur goods$1 thousand$22 thousand
66 · Umbrellas and canes$612$308 thousand
50 · Silk$225$785 thousand
36 · Explosives and matches$0$4 million
05 · Other animal products$0$1 million
53 · Other plant fibers$0$152 thousand
80 · Tin$0$24 thousand

Trading partners

South Africa is its main destination (68.5% of exports) and source (79.3% of imports).

Who it sells to

PartnerValue (USD billions)ShareMode
South Africa1.568.5%Land
Kenya0.094.3%Sea
Nigeria0.093.9%Sea
Mozambique0.062.8%Land
Zimbabwe0.052.4%Air
Tanzania0.042%Sea
Uganda0.041.8%Air
United Kingdom0.031.5%Sea
Zambia0.031.3%Air
Namibia0.031.3%Sea

Who it buys from

PartnerValue (USD billions)ShareMode
South Africa1.779.3%Land
Guyana0.178.1%Sea
China0.052.4%Sea
United States0.042%Sea
Germany0.020.96%Sea
India0.020.91%Sea
Mozambique0.020.89%Land
Italy0.010.65%Air
Nigeria0.010.5%Sea
Egypt0.010.38%Sea

Overview 1995–2024

In 2024, Eswatini accounted for 0.01% of world exports, compared with 0.02% in 2000.

Exports and imports

Exports doubled since 2000

USD billions (current). Bars: trade balance (green surplus, red deficit).

  • Exports 2.2
  • Imports 2.1
  • Balance +0

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearExportsImportsTrade balance
1995$0$0$0
1996$0$0$0
1997$0$0$0
1998$0$0$0
1999$0$0$0
2000$1 billion$1.2 billion-$203 million
2001$987 million$1 billion-$40 million
2002$1.5 billion$1.1 billion$391 million
2003$2.1 billion$1.6 billion$508 million
2004$2 billion$1.9 billion$64 million
2005$1.6 billion$1.8 billion-$202 million
2006$1.7 billion$1.4 billion$349 million
2007$2 billion$1.4 billion$566 million
2008$2 billion$1.3 billion$680 million
2009$1.9 billion$1.3 billion$544 million
2010$2.3 billion$1.9 billion$333 million
2011$2.2 billion$2.8 billion-$599 million
2012$2.3 billion$2 billion$341 million
2013$2.4 billion$1.9 billion$541 million
2014$2.4 billion$2 billion$422 million
2015$2 billion$1.7 billion$343 million
2016$1.8 billion$1.6 billion$225 million
2017$2.1 billion$1.7 billion$407 million
2018$2.2 billion$2 billion$143 million
2019$3.6 billion$2 billion$1.6 billion
2020$2 billion$1.6 billion$333 million
2021$2.5 billion$2.2 billion$307 million
2022$2.3 billion$2.3 billion-$45 million
2023$2.6 billion$2.1 billion$511 million
2024$2.2 billion$2.1 billion$50 million

World rank

Eswatini fell from 125th to 140th among the world's exporters

Rank among 222 countries by export value (1st at the top).

  • 125th in 2000
  • 140th in 2024

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearRank
1995—
1996—
1997—
1998—
1999—
2000125th
2001129th
2002114th
2003114th
2004121st
2005130th
2006132nd
2007136th
2008140th
2009132nd
2010130th
2011140th
2012138th
2013142nd
2014140th
2015139th
2016138th
2017140th
2018137th
2019129th
2020141st
2021141st
2022144th
2023140th
2024140th

What it sells

Perfumes and cosmetics became its top export group: from 13% to 29%

% of exports by Harmonized System chapter.

  • Other 16%
  • Baked goods and cereal products 2%
  • Knitted clothing 2%
  • Oil, gas and coal 5%
  • Wood 7%
  • Woven clothing 7%
  • Miscellaneous chemicals 12%
  • Sugar and sweets 20%
  • Perfumes and cosmetics 29%

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
Chapter19952024
Perfumes and cosmetics0%29.1%
Sugar and sweets0%19.8%
Miscellaneous chemicals0%12.5%
Woven clothing0%7.2%
Wood0%6.5%
Oil, gas and coal0%4.5%
Knitted clothing0%2.3%
Baked goods and cereal products0%2.1%
Other0%16.1%

Who it trades with

South Africa went from 69% to 74% of Eswatini's trade

% of total trade (exports + imports) with each partner.

  • South Africa 74%
  • Guyana 4%
  • Nigeria 2%
  • Kenya 2%
  • Mozambique 2%

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
Partner19952024
South Africa0%73.8%
Guyana0%4.1%
Nigeria0%2.2%
Kenya0%2.2%
Mozambique0%1.8%

Production hubs

Largest industrial emission sources (Climate TRACE, 2025)

No hubs above the globe threshold.

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Largest economic production hubs (gridded GDP, 2024)

No hubs above the globe threshold.

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Sources and methodology

Sources and licenses

Methodology

Goods trade from CEPII BACI (BACI_HS92_V202601), in current US dollars, with exports and imports reconciled between countries. The transport mode is our own estimate based on value per kilo and geography. Ranks are computed among the countries with data each year. Services are not included. Data up to 2024.

Neighboring countries

Main partners

See all countries