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How much of Norway’s trade passes through the Øresund?

In 2024, an estimated $17.8 billion of Norway’s trade passed through the Øresund, 8.7% of its seaborne trade. That is $11.5 billion of exports and $6.3 billion of imports. The partners with the most trade through it are Poland, Lithuania and Sweden.

Summary

Estimated value
$17.8billion
Of its seaborne trade
8.7%
Exports
$11.5billion
Imports
$6.3billion

Trend

Estimated value per year

Norway’s estimated trade through the Øresund rose 64% between 2019 and 2024

Value in USD billions

  • Norway 17.8

Source: CEPII BACI

Show the numbers
YearEstimated valueOf its seaborne trade
1995$1.4 billion2.6%
1996$1.7 billion2.8%
1997$1.7 billion2.7%
1998$1.8 billion3.1%
1999$1.9 billion3.3%
2000$2.2 billion3%
2001$2.3 billion3.4%
2002$2.9 billion4.1%
2003$4.4 billion5.1%
2004$4.8 billion4.7%
2005$5.3 billion4.2%
2006$5.9 billion4%
2007$7.3 billion4.7%
2008$8.5 billion4.4%
2009$7.5 billion5.4%
2010$8.3 billion5.3%
2011$10.4 billion5.6%
2012$9.7 billion5.3%
2013$12.3 billion6.9%
2014$10.5 billion5.9%
2015$8.9 billion6.2%
2016$8.6 billion7.1%
2017$9.7 billion6.8%
2018$11.5 billion6.9%
2019$10.8 billion7.4%
2020$9.9 billion8.1%
2021$12 billion5.9%
2022$17 billion5.5%
2023$19.6 billion9.1%
2024$17.8 billion8.7%

Partners whose trade crosses it

Estimated value of its trade with each partner that crosses the chokepoint; the percentage is the share of all its trade through the chokepoint, not of the pair’s trade.

  1. Norway–Poland$11 billion · 61.9%
  2. Norway–Lithuania$2.6 billion · 14.5%
  3. Norway–Sweden$2 billion · 11.2%
  4. Norway–Estonia$895 million · 5%
  5. Norway–Latvia$624 million · 3.5%
  6. Norway–Finland$448 million · 2.5%
  7. Norway–Belarus$220 million · 1.2%
  8. Norway–Russia$27 million · 0.15%

What crosses it

The products with the highest estimated value in 2024, with their share of the total through the chokepoint.

  1. Crude petroleum$5.7 billion · 32.3%
  2. Fresh fish$1.4 billion · 7.8%
  3. Refined petroleum$992 million · 5.6%
  4. Natural gas and LPG$730 million · 4.1%
  5. Fish fillets$476 million · 2.7%
  6. Unwrought aluminum$449 million · 2.5%
  7. Steel structures$360 million · 2%
  8. Furniture$286 million · 1.6%
  9. Seats and chairs$205 million · 1.2%
  10. Cargo and cruise ships$198 million · 1.1%

If it closes

  • Norway–Poland: +124 nautical miles, less than half a day more at 14 knots

Estimated sailing detour, without costs, waiting or port capacity.

Reference ports

Oslo (100%)

Each port with the weight it receives from the country’s trade, based on where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest.

Other chokepoints it uses

Sources and method

Sources and licenses

Methodology

We estimate the value crossing each chokepoint from BACI trade that travels by sea according to our mode heuristic, split between each country’s ports by where its GDP is generated and which coast is closest, and routed over our own sea network. It is an estimate, not a count of ships. It covers 99.9% of seaborne trade. The approach follows Verschuur, Lumma and Hall (Nature Communications, 2025). Data up to 2024.

The Great Belt is not included in the estimate: only the trade that crosses the Øresund is counted.

All maritime chokepoints